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首页> 外文期刊>Australian Journal of Crop Science >Differential susceptibility of morning glory (Ipomoea and Merremia) species to residual herbicides and the effect of drought periods on efficacy
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Differential susceptibility of morning glory (Ipomoea and Merremia) species to residual herbicides and the effect of drought periods on efficacy

机译：牵牛花（番薯属和Merremia）物种对残留除草剂的敏感性差异以及干旱时期对功效的影响

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The plants commonly known as morning glory belong to the genera Ipomoea and Merremia and are among the most important weeds in Brazil. Greenhouse studies were conducted in 2016/2017 to compare the susceptibility of different morning glory species - Ipomoea quamoclit, I. nil, I. hederifolia, I. triloba, Merremia aegyptia, and M. cissoides to soil-applied herbicides and to evaluate the effectiveness of these herbicides after periods of drought. In the first experiment, to evaluate the efficacy of each herbicide at pre-emergence stage, a fully randomized 6 (doses) x 6 (species) factorial experimental design with six replicates was used. The herbicides tebuthiuron (3,200; 1,600; 800; 400; 200 and 0.0 g a.i ha~(-1) ), amicarbazone (2,100; 1,050; 750; 375; 187 and 0.0 g a.i ha~(-1) ), sulfentrazone (1,200; 600; 300; 150 75 and 0.0 g a.i ha~(-1) ), mesotrione (240; 120; 60; 30; 15 and 0.0 g a.i ha~(-1) ), saflufenacil (200; 100; 50; 25; 12 and 0.0 g a.i ha~(-1) ), and imazapic (360; 180; 90; 45; 22 and 0.0 g a.i ha~(-1) ) were applied. Ipomoea hederifolia, I. nil, and I. quamoclit were most susceptible to saflufenacil; I. triloba and M. cissoides were most susceptible to tebuthiuron; and M. aegyptia was most susceptible to amicarbazone. Therefore, the best herbicide treatment depends on the species of morning glory. In the second experiment, to determine the effectiveness of herbicides after periods of drought, the treatments were arranged, for each herbicide, in a fully randomized 6 x 5 factorial design with four replicates, six species of morning glory, and five sowing times after periods of drought (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 days after application (DAA) of the herbicides) relative to the application of the amicarbazone (1,050 g a.i ha~(-1) ), imazapic (180 g a.i ha~(-1) ), mesotrione (120 g a.i ha~(-1) ), saflufenacil (100 g a.i ha~(-1) ), sulfentrazone (600 g a.i ha~(-1) ), and tebuthiuron (1,600 g a.i ha~(-1) ). Herbicide effectiveness after periods of drought began to decrease after 15 days for saflufenacil; 30 days for imazapic, mesotrione, and tebuthiuron; 45 days for amicarbazone; and 60 days for sulfentrazone. Pre-emergence application of amicarbazone and sulfentrazone exhibited consistent efficacy during the drought periods, satisfactorily controlling the species of morning glory.
机译：通常被称为牵牛花的植物属于番薯属和Merremia属，是巴西最重要的杂草之一。在2016/2017年进行了温室研究，以比较不同的牵牛花物种-八爪金龟，零位伊利诺伊州，赫德利福里亚，三叶伊利诺伊州，淡水伊蚊和顺式分支杆菌对土壤施用除草剂的敏感性并评估其有效性这些除草剂经过干旱时期。在第一个实验中，为了评估每种除草剂在出苗前的功效，使用了完全随机的6（剂量）x 6（物种）阶乘实验设计，其中有6个重复。除草剂tebuthiuron（3,200; 1,600; 800; 400; 200和0.0 g ai ha〜（-1）），阿米卡zone（2,100; 1,050; 750; 375; 187和0.0 g ai ha〜（-1）），sulf 1,200; 600; 300; 150 75和0.0 g ai ha〜（-1）），甲基磺草酮（240; 120; 60; 30; 15和0.0 g ai ha〜（-1）），氟苯磺草胺（200; 100; 50 ; 25; 12和0.0g ai ha-1（-1）），和imazapic（360; 180; 90; 45; 22和0.0g ai ha-1（-1））。 Ipomoea hederifolia，I。nil和I. quamoclit最容易受到苯丁草胺的影响; I. triloba和M. cissoides对替丁硫龙最敏感;埃及支原体对阿米卡carb最敏感。因此，最佳除草剂处理取决于牵牛花的种类。在第二个实验中，为确定干旱后除草剂的有效性，针对每种除草剂，采用完全随机的6 x 5因子设计进行处理，其中包括四次重复，六种牵牛花和五次播种时间干旱（除草剂施用（DAA）后0、15、30、45和60天）相对于氨基咪唑酮（1,050 g ai ha〜（-1）），吡虫啉（180 g ai ha〜（ -1）），甲基磺草酮（120 g ai ha〜（-1）），沙丁草胺（100 g ai ha〜（-1）），次磺tra酮（600 g ai ha〜（-1））和替布噻隆（1,600 g ai） ha〜（-1））。沙丁草胺15天后干旱期的除草剂有效性开始下降;依马西平，甲基磺草酮和替丁硫龙30天;阿米卡zone 45天;次磺tra酮需要60天。出苗前施用阿米卡a和次磺en在干旱时期表现出一致的功效，令人满意地控制了牵牛花的种类。

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