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Analysis of the Long-Term Variability of Poor Visibility Events in the UAE and the Link with Climate Dynamics

机译：阿联酋不良能见度事件的长期变异性及其与气候动力学的联系

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The goal of this study is to investigate the variability of poor visibility events occurring hourly in the UAE and their relationship to climate dynamics. Hourly visibility observation data spanning more than three decades from ten stations across the country were used. Four intervals of low visibility, between 0.10 km and 5.0 km, were considered. Poor visibility records were analyzed under wet and dry weather conditions. The Mann?￠????Kendall test was used to assess the inferred trends of low visibility records. The relationships between poor visibility measurements and associated meteorological variables and climate oscillations were also investigated. Results show that Fujairah city has the highest average visibility values under wet weather conditions, while Abu Dhabi city has the lowest average visibility values under both wet and dry conditions. Wet weather conditions had a greater impact than dry weather conditions on visibility deterioration in seven out of the ten stations. Results confirm that fog and dust contribute significantly to the deterioration of visibility in the UAE and that Abu Dhabi has been more impacted by those events than Dubai. Furthermore, the numbers of fog and dust events show steep increasing trends for both cities. A change point in poor visibility records triggered by fog and dust events was detected around the year 1999 at Abu Dhabi and Dubai stations after the application of the cumulative sum method. Increasing shifts in the means and the variances were noticed in the total annual fog events when Student?￠????s t -test and Levene?￠????s test were applied. In Abu Dhabi, the mean annual number of dust events was approximately 112.5 before 1999, increasing to 337 dust events after 1999. In Dubai, the number of dust events increased from around 85.5 to 315.6 events. The inferred fog and dust trends were compared to four climate indices. Results showed a significant correlation (positive and negative) between four climate indices and the occurrence of fog and dust events in the UAE.
机译：这项研究的目的是调查阿联酋每小时发生的能见度较差事件的变异性及其与气候动力学的关系。使用了来自全国十个站点的跨越三十年的每小时可见度观测数据。考虑了四个低能见度间隔，介于0.10 km和5.0 km之间。在潮湿和干燥的天气条件下分析了较差的可见性记录。使用Mann？Kendall检验评估低能见度记录的推断趋势。还研究了能见度差的测量与相关的气象变量和气候振荡之间的关系。结果表明，富查伊拉市在潮湿天气条件下的平均能见度值最高，而阿布扎比市在潮湿和干燥条件下的平均能见度值最低。十个站点中有七个站点的潮湿天气状况比干燥天气状况对能见度下降的影响更大。结果证实，雾和灰尘是造成阿联酋能见度下降的主要原因，而且阿布扎比受这些事件的影响大于迪拜。此外，两个城市的雾尘事件数量呈急剧增加的趋势。应用累积总和法后，在1999年前后，在阿布扎比和迪拜站发现了由雾和尘埃事件引发的能见度差的记录的变化点。当应用Student？t-检验和Levene ????检验时，在每年的总雾事件中均值和方差的变化都在增加。在阿布扎比，1999年之前的年均尘埃事件数约为112.5次，到1999年之后增加到337起。在迪拜，尘埃事件数由大约85.5增加到315.6。将推断的雾霾和粉尘趋势与四个气候指数进行了比较。结果表明，四个气候指数与阿联酋的雾霾事件的发生呈显着正相关（负相关）。

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