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PIRATA: A Sustained Observing System for Tropical Atlantic Climate Research and Forecasting

机译：PIRATA：用于热带大西洋气候研究和预报的持续观测系统

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Prediction and Research Moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic (PIRATA) is a multinational program initiated in 1997 in the tropical Atlantic to improve our understanding and ability to predict ocean‐atmosphere variability. PIRATA consists of a network of moored buoys providing meteorological and oceanographic data transmitted in real time to address fundamental scientific questions as well as societal needs. The network is maintained through dedicated yearly cruises, which allow for extensive complementary shipboard measurements and provide platforms for deployment of other components of the Tropical Atlantic Observing System. This paper describes network enhancements, scientific accomplishments and successes obtained from the last 10?years of observations, and additional results enabled by cooperation with other national and international programs. Capacity building activities and the role of PIRATA in a future Tropical Atlantic Observing System that is presently being optimized are also described. Plain Language Summary Long data records are essential for improving our understanding of the weather and climate, their variability and predictability, and how the climate may change in the future in response to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Climate variability in the tropical Atlantic Ocean has strong impacts on the coastal climate in particular and, consequently, the economies of the surrounding regions. Since 1997, the Prediction and Research Moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic (PIRATA) program has maintained a network of moored buoys in the tropical Atlantic in order to provide instantaneous high‐quality data to research scientists and weather forecasters around the world. This paper describes PIRATA successes in terms of scientific discoveries and observing technology enhancements. Perspectives are also provided on PIRATA's role in the future Tropical Atlantic Observing System, currently under design, that will consist of a variety of coordinated measurements from satellites, ships, buoys, and other ocean technologies.
机译：热带大西洋系泊阵列的预测和研究（PIRATA）是一项于1997年在热带大西洋发起的跨国计划，旨在提高我们的认识和预测海洋大气变化的能力。 PIRATA由系泊浮标网络组成，可提供实时传输的气象和海洋学数据，以解决基本的科学问题以及社会需求。该网络通过专门的年度巡游进行维护，从而可以进行广泛的舰上互补测量，并为部署热带大西洋观测系统的其他组件提供平台。本文描述了从最近十年的观察中获得的网络增强，科学成就和成功，以及与其他国家和国际计划合作所带来的其他结果。还描述了能力建设活动和PIRATA在未来正在优化的未来热带大西洋观测系统中的作用。简短的语言摘要长期的数据记录对于增进我们对天气和气候，其可变性和可预测性以及未来气候如何响应人为温室气体排放的变化的理解至关重要。热带大西洋中的气候变化对沿海气候尤其是周围地区的经济产生重大影响。自1997年以来，热带大西洋的预测和研究系泊阵列（PIRATA）一直在热带大西洋中保持着系泊浮标网络，以便向世界各地的研究科学家和天气预报员提供即时的高质量数据。本文从科学发现和观测技术增强方面描述了PIRATA的成功经验。还提供了有关PIRATA在目前正在设计中的未来热带大西洋观测系统中的作用的观点，该系统将包括对卫星，船舶，浮标和其他海洋技术的各种协调测量。

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