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首页> 外文期刊>Epigenetics & Chromatin >Epigenetic regulation of the ribosomal cistron seasonally modulates enrichment of H2A.Z and H2A.Zub in response to different environmental inputs in carp (Cyprinus carpio)
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Epigenetic regulation of the ribosomal cistron seasonally modulates enrichment of H2A.Z and H2A.Zub in response to different environmental inputs in carp (Cyprinus carpio)

机译：响应于鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）的不同环境输入，核糖体顺反子的表观遗传调控季节性调节H2A.Z和H2A.Zub的富集。

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Background The specific deposition of histone variants into chromatin is an important epigenetic mechanism that contributes to gene regulation through chromatin architectural changes. The histone variant H2A.Z is essential in higher eukaryotes, and its incorporation within chromatin is a relevant process for gene expression and genome stability. However, the dual positive and negative roles of H2A.Z in gene regulation still remain unclear. We previously reported that acclimatization in common carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) involves cyclical seasonal gene reprogramming as an adaptation response to its natural environment, when rRNA synthesis and processing are profoundly affected. Epigenetic mechanisms primarily contribute to the transcriptional modulation of ribosomal genes concomitant with the acclimatization process, thus significantly regulating this process. The aim of this study was to describe the presence of several H2A.Z subtypes in carp, and assess the role of H2A.Z on the ribosomal cistron in summer- and winter-acclimatized carp. Results This paper reports for the first time about the transcriptional expression of four different H2A.Z subtypes belonging to the same organism. Remarkably, a novel H2A.Z.7 was found, which corresponds to a tissue-specific histone subtype that contains seven amino acid residues longer than the canonical H2A.Z. Moreover, H2A.Z enrichment through the ribosomal cistron was significantly higher during summer, when rRNA transcription and processing are highly active, than it was in winter. Similar patterns of H2A.Z enrichment are found in two seasonally active promoters for genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II, the L41 and Δ9-desaturase genes. Interestingly, ubiquitylated-H2A.Z (H2A.Zub) was strongly enriched on regulatory regions of the ribosomal cistron in summer-acclimatized carp. Additionally, H2A.Z was present in both heterochromatin and euchromatin states on ribosomal cistron and RNA polymerase II promoters. Conclusions Our study revealed seasonally-dependent H2A.Z enrichment for active ribosomal cistron and RNA polymerase II promoters during the carp environmental adaptation. Moreover, seasonal H2A.Zub enrichment appears as a specific mechanism contributing to the regulation of chromatin architecture under natural conditions. The existence of several H2A.Z subtypes in carp suggests that the epigenetic regulation in this species constitutes a complex and finely tuned mechanism developed to cope with seasonal environmental changes that occur in its habitat.
机译：背景技术组蛋白变体在染色质中的特异性沉积是重要的表观遗传机制，通过染色质结构变化有助于基因调控。组蛋白变体H2A.Z在高等真核生物中必不可少，并且其在染色质中的掺入是基因表达和基因组稳定性的相关过程。但是，H2A.Z在基因调控中的正负双重作用仍不清楚。我们先前曾报道说，当rRNA的合成和加工过程受到深远影响时，普通鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）的驯化过程涉及周期性的季节性基因重编程，以适应其自然环境。表观遗传机制主要有助于核糖体基因的转录调控，并与驯化过程相关，从而显着调节这一过程。这项研究的目的是描述鲤鱼中几种H2A.Z亚型的存在，并评估H2A.Z在夏季和冬季适应的鲤鱼中对核糖体顺反子的作用。结果本文首次报道了属于同一生物的四种不同的H2A.Z亚型的转录表达。值得注意的是，发现了新的H2A.Z.7，它对应于组织特异性的组蛋白亚型，该亚型包含比规范H2A.Z长7个氨基酸的残基。此外，夏季，rRNA转录和加工高度活跃时，通过核糖体顺反子富集的H2A.Z明显高于冬季。在两个由RNA聚合酶II转录的基因的季节性活跃启动子中，L41和Δ 9 -去饱和酶基因中发现了类似的H2A.Z富集模式。有趣的是，在夏天适应的鲤鱼中，泛素化的H2A.Z（H2A.Zub）在核糖体顺反子的调节区域上大量富集。此外，H2A.Z在核糖体顺反子和RNA聚合酶II启动子上以异染色质和常染色质状态存在。结论我们的研究揭示了季节性依赖的H2A.Z富集对鲤鱼环境适应过程中的活性核糖体顺反子和RNA聚合酶II启动子。此外，季节性H2A.Zub富集似乎是在自然条件下有助于调节染色质结构的特定机制。鲤鱼中存在几种H2A.Z亚型，这表明该物种的表观遗传调控构成了一种复杂的微调机制，旨在应对其栖息地中发生的季节性环境变化。

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