Cotton stalks (CS) are considered a good candidate for fuel-ethanol production due to its abundance and high carbohydrate content, but the direct conversion without pretreatment always results in extremely low yields due to the recalcitrant nature of lignocelluloses. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of various chemical and physicochemical pretreatment methods, i.e., alkali, microwave-assisted acid, organosolv, hydrothermal treatment, and sequentially organosolv and hydrothermal pretreatment, on chemical composition of CS and subsequent ethanol production applying pre-hydrolysis and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (PSSF) at high solid loading. The best results in terms of ethanol production were achieved by the sequential combination of organosolv and hydrothermal pretreatment (32.3 g/L, using 15% w / v substrate concentration and 6 h pre-hydrolysis) with an improvement of 32% to 50% in ethanol production compared to the other pretreatments. Extending pre-hydrolysis time to 14 h and increasing substrate concentration to 20% w / v , ethanol production reached 47.0 g/L (corresponding to an ethanol yield of 52%) after 30 h of fermentation.
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机译：棉秆（CS）由于其丰富和高碳水化合物含量而被认为是燃料乙醇生产的良好候选者，但是由于木质纤维素的顽强性质，未经预处理的直接转化总是导致极低的产量。本研究旨在研究各种化学和物理化学预处理方法（即碱，微波辅助酸，有机溶剂，水热处理以及依次进行的有机溶剂和水热预处理）对CS的化学成分和随后使用预制备乙醇的影响。高固含量的水解，同时糖化和发酵（PSSF）。就乙醇生产而言，最好的结果是通过有机溶剂和水热预处理的顺序组合（32.3 g / L，使用15％w / v的底物浓度和6 h的预水解）相结合实现的，在乙醇生产中提高了32％至50％与其他预处理相比，乙醇产量更高。将预水解时间延长至14小时，并将底物浓度提高至20％w / v，发酵30小时后，乙醇产量达到47.0 g / L（相当于52％的乙醇产率）。
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