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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Public Health >Prevalence of Vibrio cholerae in Coastal Alternative Supplies of Drinking Water and Association with Bacillus-Like Spore Formers
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Prevalence of Vibrio cholerae in Coastal Alternative Supplies of Drinking Water and Association with Bacillus-Like Spore Formers

机译：沿海地区饮用水替代品中霍乱弧菌的流行及其与芽孢杆菌样芽孢杆菌的结合

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The scarcity of hygienic drinking water is a normal phenomenon in the coastal areas of Bangladesh due to the high salinity of ground water. The inhabitants of this locality, therefore, live on alternative supplies of water including rain-fed pond water, and rainwater with persistent complex microbial interactions therein, often contaminated with life-threatening pathogens. Hence, this study was aimed at analyzing the prevalence of Vibrio cholerae (Vc) in the alternative drinking waters of Mathbaria, a coastal subdistrict neighboring the Bay of Bengal, the efficacy of pond sand filter (PSF) and the co-association among Bacillus-like spore formers (Sf) and Vc. Vc presumably entrapped into the membrane filter was enriched in alkaline peptone water medium and was isolated on selective thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose and taurocholate-tellurite-gelatin agar media. They were finally identified by immunochromatographic one step rapid test and serology test. A total of 26% Vc positive samples were obtained out of 100 [ponds—48, household (HH)—29, and PSFs—23] where 13% cases were pathogenic (Vc O1) and 13% were non-pathogenic (Vc non-O1on-O139). The distribution of Vc as observed was 33, 26, and 13.8% in waters derived from pond surface, PSF, and HH reservoirs, respectively, and for pathogenic type, it was 62.5%, 50%, and nil, respectively. Although none of the samples was identified with pathogenic Vc O139, the statistics represents a significant and augmentative risk of cholera outbreak in the focused area. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern in this study resembled the trend observed during last few years for Vc. The PSF demonstrated its inability to remove Vc from any of the samples and in addition, the filter itself was evidenced to be the source of pathogens and spores in further contamination and transmission. The development of biofilm in the PSF could be hypothesized as the reservoir in contaminating pathogen-free water samples. From the test of homogeneity, the risk levels of alternative water sources were estimated equal regarding Vc. Simultaneously, it was determined statistically that the prevalence of Vc, by no means, is influenced by Bacillus-like Sf be it for pond surface, HH, or PSF derived water.
机译：由于孟加拉国的地下水含盐量高，因此在孟加拉国沿海地区普遍缺乏卫生饮用水。因此，该地区的居民生活在替代性水源上，包括雨养池水和其中具有持久复杂微生物相互作用的雨水，这些微生物经常被威胁生命的病原体污染。因此，本研究旨在分析霍乱弧菌（Vc）在Mathbaria，孟加拉湾附近的沿海街道，马德巴里亚的替代饮用水中的流行情况，池塘沙滤池（PSF）的功效以及芽孢杆菌-细菌之间的共联像是孢子形成物（Sf）和Vc。推测截留在膜滤器中的Vc富含碱性蛋白ept水培养基，并在选择性硫代硫酸盐-柠檬酸盐-胆汁盐-蔗糖和牛磺胆酸盐-碲-明胶-明胶琼脂培养基上分离。最终通过免疫色谱一步快速测试和血清学测试鉴定了它们。在100个[池塘-48，家庭（HH）-29和PSFs-23]中，总共获得了26％的Vc阳性样本，其中13％的病例是病原性（Vc O1），而13％的病例是非致病性的（Vc non -O1 /非O139）。在池塘表面，PSF和HH水库中，Vc的分布分别为33％，26％和13.8％，而对于致病类型，Vc的分布分别为62.5％，50％和零。尽管没有一个样品被致病性Vc O139鉴定，但统计数据表明在该重点地区霍乱暴发的风险显着且增加。在这项研究中，抗生素敏感性模式类似于最近几年对Vc观察到的趋势。 PSF证明它无法从任何样品中去除Vc，此外，过滤器本身被证明是进一步污染和传播的病原体和孢子的来源。可以将PSF中生物膜的发展假定为污染无病原体水样品的储库。通过均质性测试，估计替代水源的风险水平与Vc相等。同时，从统计学上确定，无论对于池塘表面，HH还是PSF衍生出的水，Vc的发生率绝不会受到类芽孢杆菌Sf的影响。

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