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Obesity in the United States a?? Dysbiosis from Exposure to Low-Dose Antibiotics?

机译：在美国肥胖吗？从暴露于低剂量抗生素引起的营养不良？

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The rapid increase in obesity prevalence in the United States in the last 20 years is unprecedented and not well explained. Here, we explore a hypothesis that the obesity epidemic may be driven by population-wide chronic exposures to low-residue antibiotics that have increasingly entered the American food chain over the same time period. We propose this hypothesis based on two recent bodies of published reports – (1) those that provide evidence for the spread of antibiotics into the American food chain, and (2) those that examine the relationship between the gut microbiota and body physiology. The livestock use of antimicrobial agents has sharply increased in the US over the same 20-year period of the obesity epidemic, especially with the expansion of intensified livestock production, such as the concentrated animal feeding operations. Observational and experimental studies support the idea that changes in the intestinal microbiota exert a profound effect on body physiology. We propose that chronic exposures to low-residue antimicrobial drugs in food could disrupt the equilibrium state of intestinal microbiota and cause dysbiosis that can contribute to changes in body physiology. The obesity epidemic in the United States may be partly driven by the mass exposure of Americans to food containing low-residue antimicrobial agents. While this hypothesis cannot discount the impact of diet and other factors associated with obesity, we believe studies are warranted to consider this possible driver of the epidemic.
机译：在过去的20年中，美国肥胖症患病率的迅速增长是前所未有的，而且没有得到很好的解释。在这里，我们探讨了一个假设，即肥胖病的流行可能是由人群中长期暴露于低残留抗生素引起的，而低残留抗生素在同一时期越来越多地进入了美国食物链。我们基于两个最近发表的报告提出了这一假设-（1）提供了抗生素在美国食物链中传播的证据，（2）研究了肠道菌群与人体生理之间关系的研究。在肥胖流行的同一20年期间，美国畜牧业对抗菌剂的使用急剧增加，尤其是随着集约化畜牧业生产的扩大，例如集中的动物饲养业务。观察和实验研究支持这样的观点，即肠道菌群的变化对人体生理产生深远影响。我们建议，长期接触食品中的低残留抗微生物药物可能会破坏肠道菌群的平衡状态，并导致可导致机体生理变化的营养不良。在美国，肥胖病的流行可能部分是由于美国人大量接触含有低残留抗微生物剂的食物所致。尽管这一假设无法抵消饮食和肥胖相关其他因素的影响，但我们认为研究值得考虑这一可能的流行病驱动因素。

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