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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Nutrition >Complementary Feeding: Review of Recommendations, Feeding Practices, and Adequacy of Homemade Complementary Food Preparations in Developing Countries – Lessons from Ethiopia
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Complementary Feeding: Review of Recommendations, Feeding Practices, and Adequacy of Homemade Complementary Food Preparations in Developing Countries – Lessons from Ethiopia

机译：辅助喂养：审查发展中国家的建议，喂养习惯和自制的辅助食品的充足性–埃塞俄比亚的经验教训

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Breastfeeding provides the ideal food during the first 6 months of life. Complementary feeding is the process starting when breast milk alone is no longer sufficient, the target age being between 6 to 23 months. The gap between nutritional requirement and amount obtained from breast milk increases with age. For energy, 200kcal, 300kcal and 550kcal per day is expected to be covered by complementary foods at 6-8, 9-11 and 12-23 months, respectively. In addition, the complementary foods must provide relatively large proportions of micronutrients such as: iron, zinc, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and vitamin B6. In several parts of the developing world, complementary feeding continues as a challenge to good nutrition in children. In Ethiopia, only 4.2% of breastfed children of 6–23 months of age have a minimum acceptable diet. The gaps are mostly attributed to either poor dietary quality or poor feeding practices, if not both. Commercial fortified foods are often beyond the reach of the poor. Thus, homemade complementary foods remain commonly used. However, unfortified complementary foods that are predominantly plant-based provide insufficient amounts of key nutrients (particularly iron, zinc and calcium) during the age of 6 – 23 months even, when based on an improved recipe. This review thus assessed complementary feeding practice and recommendation and reviewed the level of adequacy of homemade complementary foods.
机译：母乳喂养可在生命的头六个月内提供理想的食物。补充喂养是从单独的母乳不再足够，目标年龄在6到23个月之间开始的过程。营养需求和从母乳中获取的营养之间的差距随着年龄的增长而增加。就能源而言，预计每天分别在6-8、9-11和12-23个月补充食物可覆盖200kcal，300kcal和550kcal。此外，辅助食品必须提供相对较大比例的微量营养素，例如：铁，锌，磷，镁，钙和维生素B6。在发展中世界的一些地区，补充喂养仍是对儿童良好营养的挑战。在埃塞俄比亚，只有4.2％的6至23个月大的母乳喂养儿童具有最低可接受的饮食。差距主要归因于不良的饮食质量或不良的喂养习惯，如果不是两者都有的话。商业强化食品通常是穷人无法承受的。因此，自制辅助食品仍然是常用的。然而，即使改良配方，主要以植物为主的未强化辅食在6至23个月的年龄内也无法提供足够量的关键营养素（尤其是铁，锌和钙）。因此，本次审查评估了补充喂养的做法和建议，并审查了自制补充食品的充足水平。

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