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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Oncology >The Tumor Cytosol miRNAs, Fluid miRNAs, and Exosome miRNAs in Lung Cancer
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The Tumor Cytosol miRNAs, Fluid miRNAs, and Exosome miRNAs in Lung Cancer

机译：肺癌中的肿瘤细胞溶胶miRNA，体液miRNA和外来体miRNA

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The focus of this review is to provide an update on the progress of microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers for lung cancer. miRNAs are single-stranded, small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and show tissue-specific signatures. Accumulating evidence indicates that miRNA expression patterns represent the in vivo status in physiology and disease. Moreover, miRNAs are stable in serum and other clinically convenient and available tissue sources, so they are being developed as biomarkers for cancer and other diseases. Cancer is currently the primary driver of the field, but miRNA biomarkers are being developed for many other diseases such as cardiovascular and central nervous system diseases. Here, we examine the framework and scope of the miRNA landscape as it specifically relates to the translation of miRNA expression patterns/signatures into biomarkers for developing diagnostics for lung cancer. We focus on examining tumor cytosol miRNAs, fluid miRNAs, and exosome miRNAs in lung cancer, the connections among these miRNAs, and the potential of miRNA biomarkers for the development of diagnostics. In lung cancer, miRNAs have been studied in both cell populations and in the circulation. However, a major challenge is to develop biomarkers to monitor cancer development and to identify circulating miRNAs that are linked to cancer stage. Importantly, the fact that miRNAs can be successfully harvested from biological fluids allows for the development of biofluid biopsies, in which miRNAs as circulating biomarkers can be captured and analyzed ex vivo . Our hope is that these minimally invasive entities provide a window to the in vivo milieu of the patients without the need for costly, complex invasive procedures, rapidly moving miRNAs from research to the clinic.
机译：这篇综述的重点是提供有关microRNA（miRNA）作为肺癌潜在生物标志物的进展的最新信息。 miRNA是调节基因表达并显示组织特异性特征的单链非编码小RNA。越来越多的证据表明，miRNA表达模式代表着生理和疾病的体内状态。此外，miRNA在血清和其他临床上方便且可利用的组织来源中稳定，因此它们被开发为癌症和其他疾病的生物标记。癌症目前是该领域的主要驱动力，但是针对许多其他疾病（例如心血管疾病和中枢神经系统疾病）的miRNA生物标记物正在开发中。在这里，我们检查了miRNA领域的框架和范围，因为它特别涉及将miRNA表达模式/特征翻译成生物标志物以开发肺癌的诊断方法。我们专注于检查肺癌中的肿瘤细胞溶质miRNA，体液miRNA和外泌体miRNA，这些miRNA之间的联系以及miRNA生物标记物在诊断学发展中的潜力。在肺癌中，已经在细胞群体和循环中研究了miRNA。但是，主要的挑战是开发生物标记物以监测癌症的发展并鉴定与癌症阶段相关的循环miRNA。重要的是，可以成功地从生物体液中收获miRNA的事实允许开展生物流体活检，其中可以作为活体生物标记物的miRNA可以在体外进行捕获和分析。我们的希望是，这些微创实体为患者的体内环境提供了一个窗口，而无需进行昂贵，复杂的侵入性程序，从而将miRNA从研究迅速转移到临床。

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