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首页> 外文期刊>Nae more, journal of marine sciences >Applications of Gyroscopic Effect in Transportation
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Applications of Gyroscopic Effect in Transportation

机译：陀螺效应在运输中的应用

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This article describes gyroscopes and their effects in various fields of everyday life. Gyroscopic effect is ability (tendency) of the rotating body to maintain a steady direction of its axis of rotation. The gyroscopes are rotating with respect to the axis of symmetry at high speed. Gyroscopic effect is related to all rotating mechanisms (wheels, gears, shafts, rotors, bicycles, motorcycles, children’s toys...). In some cases, we want to enhance the gyroscopic effect (for stabilization, energy accumulation). Stabilization effect is mainly used for two-wheeled vehicles. It can be also used on ships and boats, where big wheel is rotating and preventing the boat to overturn. Gyroscopic effects can help with energy accumulation. The bigger rotating speed is achieved the bigger amount of energy is stored. When the gyroscope is well designed the efficiency can be much higher than in the batteries. In other cases we want to suppress or compensate it (in case of the direction change of the rotating device). This is mainly about the planes. When the pilot of the plane needs to change the heading then during the left turn the plane will go up and during the right turn it goes down. The use of gyroscopes is important in various modes of transportation. We describe different usage of gyroscopes in transport and logistics, especially gyrocompass (ships and planes – advantages: no influence by ferromagnetic materials, heading to the true North, disadvantages: errors caused by rapid changes in course, speed and latitude); attitude and heading indicators (plane); pendulous integrating gyroscopic accelerometer (rocketry); gyrostat - control moment gyroscope (space – stations, satellites and probes); MEMS gyroscope (automotive, entertainment, robots, etc.).
机译：本文介绍了陀螺仪及其在日常生活各个领域中的作用。陀螺效应是旋转体保持其旋转轴稳定方向的能力（倾向）。陀螺仪相对于对称轴高速旋转。陀螺效应与所有旋转机构（车轮，齿轮，轴，转子，自行车，摩托车，儿童玩具...）有关。在某些情况下，我们想增强陀螺的效果（用于稳定，积聚能量）。稳定作用主要用于两轮车。它也可以在大轮旋转并防止船倾覆的船舶上使用。陀螺效应可以帮助能量积累。获得的旋转速度越大，存储的能量越多。如果陀螺仪设计得当，效率会比电池高得多。在其他情况下，我们想抑制或补偿它（在旋转设备方向改变的情况下）。这主要是关于飞机的。当飞机的飞行员需要更改航向时，则在左转弯时飞机将升起，在右转弯时飞机将下降。在各种运输方式中，陀螺仪的使用都很重要。我们描述了陀螺仪在运输和物流中的不同用法，特别是在陀螺罗经中（船舶和飞机-优点：不受铁磁材料的影响，驶向真正的北方，缺点：航向，速度和纬度的快速变化引起的误差）;姿态和航向指示器（飞机）;摆式陀螺加速度计（火箭）;陀螺仪-控制力矩陀螺仪（空间–台站，卫星和探测器）; MEMS陀螺仪（汽车，娱乐，机器人等）。

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