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首页> 外文期刊>NeuroImage: Clinical >Maturation of auditory neural processes in autism spectrum disorder — A longitudinal MEG study
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Maturation of auditory neural processes in autism spectrum disorder — A longitudinal MEG study

机译：自闭症谱系障碍听神经过程的成熟—纵向MEG研究

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Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show atypical brain activity, perhaps due to delayed maturation. Previous studies examining the maturation of auditory electrophysiological activity have been limited due to their use of cross-sectional designs. The present study took a first step in examining magnetoencephalography (MEG) evidence of abnormal auditory response maturation in ASD via the use of a longitudinal design. Methods Initially recruited for a previous study, 27 children with ASD and nine typically developing (TD) children, aged 6- to 11-years-old, were re-recruited two to five years later. At both timepoints, MEG data were obtained while participants passively listened to sinusoidal pure-tones. Bilateral primary/secondary auditory cortex time domain (100 ms evoked response latency (M100)) and spectrotemporal measures (gamma-band power and inter-trial coherence (ITC)) were examined. MEG measures were also qualitatively examined for five children who exhibited “optimal outcome”, participants who were initially on spectrum, but no longer met diagnostic criteria at follow-up. Results M100 latencies were delayed in ASD versus TD at the initial exam (~ 19 ms) and at follow-up (~ 18 ms). At both exams, M100 latencies were associated with clinical ASD severity. In addition, gamma-band evoked power and ITC were reduced in ASD versus TD. M100 latency and gamma-band maturation rates did not differ between ASD and TD. Of note, the cohort of five children that demonstrated “optimal outcome” additionally exhibited M100 latency and gamma-band activity mean values in-between TD and ASD at both timepoints. Though justifying only qualitative interpretation, these “optimal outcome” related data are presented here to motivate future studies. Conclusions Children with ASD showed perturbed auditory cortex neural activity, as evidenced by M100 latency delays as well as reduced transient gamma-band activity. Despite evidence for maturation of these responses in ASD, the neural abnormalities in ASD persisted across time. Of note, data from the five children whom demonstrated “optimal outcome” qualitatively suggest that such clinical improvements may be associated with auditory brain responses intermediate between TD and ASD. These “optimal outcome” related results are not statistically significant though, likely due to the low sample size of this cohort, and to be expected as a result of the relatively low proportion of “optimal outcome” in the ASD population. Thus, further investigations with larger cohorts are needed to determine if the above auditory response phenotypes have prognostic utility, predictive of clinical outcome. Highlights ? The first longitudinal study of auditory MEG biomarkers in ASD ? ASD demonstrates prolonged M100 latencies and reduced transient gamma-band activity. ? Maturation rates are not different between TD and ASD for M100 latencies. ? Intermediate M100 latencies and gamma-band activity suggested for “optimal outcome” ? M100 latencies correlate to current sociability and also change in language ability.
机译：背景自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的人表现出非典型的大脑活动，这可能是由于延迟成熟所致。由于使用横截面设计，以前的研究听觉电生理活动成熟的研究受到了限制。本研究迈出了第一步，通过使用纵向设计来检查脑磁图（MEG）在ASD中异常听觉反应成熟的证据。方法最初招募参加先前的研究的27名ASD儿童和9名6至11岁的典型发育（TD）儿童在2至5年后被重新招募。在两个时间点，当参与者被动听正弦纯音时都获得了MEG数据。检查了双侧主要/次要听觉皮层时域（100 ms诱发的反应潜伏期（M100））和光谱时间量度（γ波段功率和试验间相干性（ITC））。还对5个表现出“最佳结果”的儿童进行了MEG的定性检查，这些儿童最初是在频谱上，但在随访时不再符合诊断标准。结果ASD与TD的M100延迟在初始检查（〜19 ms）和随访（〜18 ms）时有所延迟。在两次检查中，M100潜伏期与临床ASD严重程度相关。此外，与TD相比，ASD的伽马波段诱发功率和ITC降低了。在ASD和TD之间，M100潜伏期和伽马波段成熟率没有差异。值得注意的是，五个孩子的队列显示出“最佳结局”，并且在两个时间点都显示了TD和ASD之间的M100潜伏期和伽马带活动平均值。尽管仅证明了定性解释的正确性，但此处介绍了这些与“最佳结果”相关的数据，以激励未来的研究。结论ASD儿童表现出听觉皮层神经活动受干扰，M100潜伏期延迟以及短暂的伽马波段活动减少证明了这一点。尽管有证据表明这些反应在ASD中已经成熟，但ASD中的神经异常仍会持续存在。值得注意的是，从五个孩子的数据定性显示“最佳结果”表明，这种临床改善可能与TD和ASD之间的听觉大脑反应有关。但是，这些“最佳结果”相关的结果在统计上并不显着，这可能是由于该队列的样本量较小，并且由于ASD人群中“最佳结果”的比例相对较低而导致的。因此，需要对更大的人群进行进一步的研究，以确定上述听觉反应表型是否具有预后性，可预测临床结果。强调 ？对ASD中听觉MEG生物标志物的首次纵向研究。 ASD演示了M100延迟时间延长和瞬态伽马射线波段活动减少。 ？对于M100延迟，TD和ASD之间的成熟率没有差异。 ？中级M100潜伏期和伽马波段活动提示“最佳结果”？ M100延迟与当前的社交能力相关，并且还会改变语言能力。

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