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首页> 外文期刊>Research journal of applied science, engineering and technology >Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing Applications in Flood Hazards Management: A Review
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Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing Applications in Flood Hazards Management: A Review

机译：洪水灾害管理中的地理信息系统和遥感应用研究进展

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摘要

The purpose of this study is to examine and review the various applications of GIS and remote sensing tools in flood disaster management as opposed to the conventional means of recording the hydrological parameters, which in many cases failed to capture an extreme event. In the recent years, GIS along with remote sensing has become the key tools in flood disaster monitoring and management. Advancement particularly in the area of remote sensing application has developed gradually from optical remote sensing to microwave or radar remote sensing, which has proved a profound capability of penetrating a clouded sky and provided all weather capabilities compared to the later (optical remote sensing) in flood monitoring, mapping, and management. The main concern here is delineation of flood prone areas and development of flood hazard maps indicating the risk areas likely to be inundated by significant flooding along with the damageable objects maps for the flood susceptible areas. Actually, flood depth is always considered to be the basic aspect in flood hazard mapping, and therefore in determining or estimating the flood depth, a Digital Elevation Model data (DEM) is considered to be the most appropriate means of determining the flood depth from a remotely sensed data or hydrological data. Accuracy of flood depth estimation depends mainly on the resolution of the DEM data in a flat terrain and in the regions that experiences monsoon seasons such as the developing countries of Asia where there is a high dependence on agriculture, which made any effort for flood estimation or flood hazard mapping difficult due to poor availability of high resolution DEM. More so the idea of Web-based GIS is gradually becoming a reality, which plays an important role in the flood hazard management. Therefore, this paper provides a review of applications of GIS and remote sensing technology in flood disaster monitoring and management.
机译：这项研究的目的是检查和审查GIS和遥感工具在洪水灾害管理中的各种应用，这与记录水文参数的常规方法相反，后者在许多情况下未能捕获极端事件。近年来，GIS和遥感已成为洪水灾害监视和管理中的关键工具。从光学遥感到微波或雷达遥感，尤其是在遥感应用领域的进步已逐步发展，与后来的洪水（光学遥感）相比，事实证明，该技术具有穿透云层的强大能力，并提供了所有天气能力。监视，映射和管理。这里的主要关注点是洪水易发区的划分和洪水灾害图的开发，该地图指出了可能因重大洪水而淹没的风险区域以及易受洪灾地区的易损物体图。实际上，洪水深度始终被认为是洪水灾害制图的基本方面，因此，在确定或估算洪水深度时，数字高程模型数据（DEM）被认为是从洪水高度确定洪水深度的最合适方法。遥感数据或水文数据。洪水深度估算的准确性主要取决于在平坦地形以及经历季风季节的地区（例如亚洲发展中国家，农业高度依赖农业的地区）DEM数据的分辨率，这些国家对洪水估算或由于高分辨率DEM的可用性较差，因此难以进行洪水灾害制图。因此，基于Web的GIS理念逐渐成为现实，在洪水灾害管理中发挥着重要作用。因此，本文综述了GIS和遥感技术在洪水灾害监测与管理中的应用。

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