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首页> 外文期刊>Revista Cubana de Hematología, Inmunología y Hemoterapia >Clinical and epidemiological aspects of leukemias
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Clinical and epidemiological aspects of leukemias

机译：白血病的临床和流行病学方面

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Leukemia is a group of clonal diseases derived from a single cell with a genetic alteration in bone marrow or peripheral lymphoid tissue, and each type is determined by the specificity of the source cell. The objective of this research was to synthesize studies that characterize the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with leukemia, the types of treatments used, duration and outcomes for the cases. This study is an integrative review of literature through databases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), SCOPUS, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Science Direct. There were 4,274 articles rescued in the initial search, 188 were selected to compose the review sample after applying all the criteria for inclusion and exclusion adopted. Full articles were grouped into four categories, according to the variables of research: (a) more frequent subtypes of leukemia; (b) most widely used treatment; (c) duration of treatment; and (d) endpoint of the cases. It is concluded a prevalence of leukemia in pediatric patients, with a predominance of the subtype Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). In general, the male population is more affected by hematological malignancies. As the therapy is used, each leukemia subtype had its peculiarities regarding the treatment, especially the introduction of imatinib for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and prophylactic cranial irradiation for cases of ALL. Chronic leukemia showed higher treatment duration. There was a significant improvement in survival of Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Chronic Lymphoid leukemia, CML and ALL, the latter approximately with 90% cure rate in children.
机译：白血病是一组来源于骨髓或外周淋巴组织遗传改变的单个细胞的克隆性疾病，每种类型都取决于源细胞的特异性。这项研究的目的是综合描述白血病患者的临床和流行病学特征，所用治疗的类型，病程和结果的研究。这项研究是通过数据库在线医学文献分析和检索系统（MEDLINE），SCOPUS，护理和相关健康文献的累积索引（CINAHL）和Science Direct对文献进行的综合审查。在初步搜索中挽救了4,274篇文章，在采用所有纳入和排除标准后，选择了188篇作为评价样本。根据研究变量，全文分为四类：（a）白血病的更常见亚型; （b）最广泛使用的治疗方法; （c）治疗时间; （d）案件的终点。结论是小儿患者普遍患有白血病，主要是急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）亚型。通常，男性人群受血液系统恶性肿瘤的影响更大。随着疗法的使用，每种白血病亚型在治疗方面都有其独特性，尤其是伊马替尼用于慢性粒细胞白血病（CML）的引入以及对ALL患者的预防性颅脑照射。慢性白血病显示更长的治疗时间。急性髓细胞性白血病，慢性淋巴性白血病，CML和ALL的存活率有了显着提高，后者的儿童治愈率约为90％。

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