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Human Capital, Skills, and Uneven Intraurban Employment Growth: The Case of Göteborg, Sweden, 1990–2008

机译:人力资本,技能和城市内就业增长不均:以瑞典哥德堡为例,1990-2008年

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Recent research has elucidated the role of talents to explain urban growth differences but it remains to be shown whether urban dynamics, such as human capital and a mixed local population, can be linked to intraurban employment growth. By use of a unique longitudinal database, we track the economic development through the lens of intraurban employment growth of a number of primary urban areas (PUA) in Göteborg, Sweden. Regarding factors influencing employment growth, we find that relative concentrations of human capital protect areas from rising unemployment during severe recession (1990–1993) and recovery (1990–2000) while the composition of skills is beneficial during recovery (1990–2000) and long-term growth (1990–2008). Our findings suggest that neither too high concentrations of creative occupations nor too low ones are beneficial. Thus, human capital drives much of the employment changes in relation to the recession and early transition from manufacturing to service but composition of skills is more relevant for explaining long-term intraurban employment growth.
机译:最近的研究阐明了人才在解释城市增长差异方面的作用,但仍有待证明城市动力(如人力资本和本地人口混合)是否可以与城市内的就业增长联系起来。通过使用独特的纵向数据库,我们通过瑞典哥德堡许多主要城市地区(PUA)的城市内就业增长来跟踪经济发展。关于影响就业增长的因素,我们发现人力资本的相对集中度使地区免受严重衰退(1990-1993年)和经济复苏(1990-2000年)期间失业率上升的影响,而技能的构成在经济复苏(1990-2000年)和长期复苏中是有益的长期增长(1990-2008年)。我们的发现表明,过高的创造力职业和过低的创造力都无济于事。因此,与衰退和从制造业到服务业的早期过渡有关,人力资本推动了许多就业变化,但是技能的构成与解释城市内长期就业增长更为相关。

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