Caregiver Burden In Dementia: A Study In The Turkish Population

G. Karlikaya; G. Yukse; F. Varlibas; H. Tireli

摘要

Caring for someone with dementia is associated with a high level of stress. The term "caregiver burden" is used to describe the physical, emotional and financial cost of providing care. The Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale (ZCBS) is one of the most widely used scales in order to determine the degree of burden in caregivers. Up to this date there is no consensus regarding the predictors of high levels of burden. The objective of this study was to determine the degree of burden in informal caregivers of dementia patients in a Turkish population and to evaluate the possible risk factors associated with higher burden. Fifty two dementia patients and their caregivers were analyzed. The affects of different factors including the patients and caregivers age, gender, years of education, relationship between the patient and caregiver as well as the patients symptom duration, duration of care giving and degree of cognitive impairment and independence of the patient were investigated. Overall 90 % of the caregivers had some degree of burden. There was no significant difference for most of the analyzed factors but the mean ZCBS score was higher in the spouse or adult child, compared to other relatives as the caregiver. The closer the caregiver is to the patient, the care giving emotionally gets harder and the burden is high. The only significant correlation was found for patients age, which was negatively correlated with the degree of burden. This finding might reflect the easy acceptance of dementia for the elderly in the Turkish population, which is related to the fact that there are very few institutions and the aged family members (demented or not) are commonly a part of normal living in many households. As a conclusion low patient age and close relationship between the caregiver and the patient seems to be risk factors correlated with a high degree of caregiver burden. Introduction Approximately 5 % of people age 65 or older have dementia and the incidence roughly doubles every five years such that nearly half of people aged 85 or older will have dementia. The elderly population forms 5 % of the total Turkish population and community studies have shown mild dementia in 2.6-20 % and severe dementia in 1.3-6.2 % of the elderly population1 In Turkey most patients suffering from dementia are cared for at home by an informal caregiver. As the disease progresses it carries with it a tremendous burden both physically and psychologically on the family members who are doing the care giving. It is known that caring for someone with dementia is associated with a higher level of stress than caring for someone with functional impairment from other chronic illnesses2. The term ‘‘caregiver burden'‘ is used to describe the physical, emotional and financial toll of providing care. Different questionnaires have been developed to quantify the largely subjective domain of caregiver burden, but the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale (ZCBS) is one of the most widely used scales3. The ZCBS was developed by Zarit and coworkers in 1985 and is a self administered 22-item questionnaire. The questions refer to the caregiver/patient relationship and evaluate the caregiver's health condition, psychological well-being, finances, and social life. The caregiver burden is evaluated by the total score obtained from the sub total of 22 questions and the caregiver distress is higher with higher scores4.The relationship between providing care for a loved one and the experience of psychological distress has been shown to be influenced by a number of factors. There is no consensus regarding the affect of gender differences, the severity of cognitive impairment, patient depression and/or psychosis, as well as the relationship between the patient and the caregiver on the level of burden5. The objective of this study was to determine the level of burden of informal caregivers of dementia patients in a Turkish national sample and to evaluate the possible risk factors associated with hig

机译：照顾患有痴呆症的人会带来很高的压力。术语“护理人员负担”用于描述提供护理的身体，情感和经济成本。 Zarit照顾者负担量表（ZCBS）是最广泛使用的量表之一，用于确定照顾者的负担程度。迄今为止，关于高负担水平的预测因素尚未达成共识。这项研究的目的是确定土耳其人口中痴呆症患者非正式护理人员的负担程度，并评估与较高负担相关的可能危险因素。对52名痴呆患者及其护理人员进行了分析。研究了患者和护理人员的年龄，性别，受教育年限，患者与护理人员之间的关系以及患者的症状持续时间，护理时间，认知障碍程度和患者独立性等不同因素的影响。总体上，有90％的看护人有一定程度的负担。大多数分析因素均无显着差异，但与其他照料者亲属相比，配偶或成年子女的平均ZCBS评分更高。护理人员离患者越近，情感上的护理就越困难，负担也就越大。发现与患者年龄唯一显着的相关性，其与负担程度呈负相关。这一发现可能反映出土耳其人口中老年人容易接受老年痴呆症，这与以下事实有关：机构很少，老年家庭成员（不论是否患有老年痴呆症）通常是许多家庭正常生活的一部分。结论是低的患者年龄和护理人员与患者之间的密切关系似乎是与高度护理人员负担相关的危险因素。简介大约5％的65岁或65岁以上的人患有痴呆症，而且发病率每五年大约翻一番，因此将近一半的85岁或85岁以上的人患有痴呆症。老年人占土耳其总人口的5％，社区研究表明，老年人口中轻度痴呆的比例为2.6-20％，重度痴呆的比例为1.3-6.2％1。在土耳其，大多数痴呆症患者都由非正式人员在家照顾照顾者。随着疾病的发展，它给正在做护理工作的家庭成员带来巨大的身体和心理负担。众所周知，照顾痴呆症患者的压力要比照顾其他慢性疾病造成的功能障碍的人更高。 “护理人员负担”一词用于描述提供护理的身体，情感和经济损失。已经开发了不同的问卷来量化照顾者负担的主要主观领域，但是Zarit照顾者负担量表（ZCBS）是使用最广泛的量表之一。 ZCBS由Zarit及其同事于1985年开发，是一项自我管理的22个项目的问卷。这些问题涉及照顾者/患者的关系，并评估照顾者的健康状况，心理健康，财务状况和社交生活。照料者负担是通过从22个问题的总和中获得的总分来评估的，并且照料者的苦恼程度越高，得分越高4.已证明，为所爱的人提供照料和心理困扰的经历之间的关系受到因素数量。关于性别差异，认知障碍的严重程度，患者抑郁和/或精神病的影响以及患者与护理人员之间的负担水平之间的关系，目前尚无共识5。这项研究的目的是确定土耳其国家样本中痴呆症患者非正式护理人员的负担水平，并评估与hig相关的可能危险因素

Caregiver Burden In Dementia: A Study In The Turkish Population

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