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首页> 外文期刊>The Internet Journal of Tropical Medicine >A Qualitative Evaluation Of The Information, Education And Communication (IEC) Component Of The Tuberculosis Control Programme In Delhi, India
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A Qualitative Evaluation Of The Information, Education And Communication (IEC) Component Of The Tuberculosis Control Programme In Delhi, India

机译：对印度德里结核病控制计划的信息，教育和通信（IEC）组件的定性评估

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TB control programs have recognized that knowledge and behavior of the patient, as well as of the general population have a profound influence on the treatment seeking behavior and completion of course of treatment. The ongoing IEC efforts against tuberculosis in Delhi were intensified in the form of a multi-pronged media campaign. Objectives of this study were to evaluate (i) the impact of the campaign on awareness generation (ii) their opinion for making the campaign more effective (ii) perceptions of health personnel regarding the Campaign. The following qualitative methods were used(I) Focus Group Discussion ,(ii) key informant interviews (iii) In-depth interviews. Results and Conclusion: The study observed that (i) Different segments of the population varied their observations of IEC messages(ii) Stigma associated with tuberculosis is widely prevalent.(iii) Television voted as the most effective IEC medium. Therefore IEC strategies should be tailor-made and suited according to the needs of a sub-population. Funded by Delhi Tapedic Unmulan Samiti Introduction Approximately 2 million people die of tuberculosis every year [1]. India accounts for nearly one third of the global burden of tuberculosis [2].Each year in India, almost 2.2 million persons develop tuberculosis out of which about 1 million are new smear positive highly infectious cases and about half a million people die of tuberculosis [2]. TB programmes all over the world are based on the DOTS strategy which is called as the Revised National TB Control Programme in India. Its objectives are to achieve 85% treatment success and 70% case detection [3]. At present, RNTCP covers 90 % of India's population [4]. The entire city of Delhi was brought under RNTCP in 1999, and even though the treatment success rate in the year 2000 was 80 % and case detection rate was 68 %, the annualized total case detection rate still remained high at 203 smear positive cases per 1,00,000 population [5]. In a study on causes of mortality, which had been conducted in an urban population in Northern India, it was observed that tuberculosis accounted for 5.3 % of all the deaths[6].Various factors such as delay in seeking treatment, ignorance towards the modes of spread of the disease and treatment default could contribute to the currently high case load of tuberculosis in Delhi [7,8]. The TB control programmes have recognized and addressed those system components in which knowledge and behavior of not only the patient, but also the general population are the key issues which have a profound influence on the treatment seeking behavior and completion of treatment [9,10]. Under the RNTCP, case detection of tuberculosis mainly relies on the passive reporting of symptoms which to a large extent is dependent on voluntary presentation and motivation of an individual for recognizing the symptoms as well as cultural and social factors [3].It has been well documented that poor health education and awareness about tuberculosis of the patients and health care providers are one of the fundamental problems which adversely effect the current strategy of tuberculosis control [11].Lack of adequate information plays a key role as one of the major barriers to treatment compliance [12,13]. In those settings where high cure rates had already been achieved, community health education was observed to be highly relevant [14]. One of the major initiatives of the TB control programme aimed at behavioral change is the launching of an intensive IEC (information, education and communication) campaign. IEC activities help to speed up the process of change, to reinforce knowledge, and to ensure a continuous educational system for the community [15]. Although the IEC strategy has been an integral component of the RNTCP in Delhi, the ongoing IEC efforts were further intensified in the form of a campaign launched in March 2001.Prior to this, the IEC component of the RNTCP was not given much priority. The WHO had also declared
机译：结核病控制计划已经认识到，患者以及普通人群的知识和行为对寻求行为和治疗过程的完成有深远的影响。在德里，IEC为预防结核病所做的努力以多管齐下的媒体宣传形式得到了加强。这项研究的目的是评估（i）运动对提高意识的影响（ii）他们对使运动更有效的看法（ii）卫生人员对运动的看法。使用了以下定性方法（I）焦点小组讨论（ii）关键知情人访谈（iii）深度访谈。结果与结论：该研究观察到（i）人群的不同部分对IEC信息的观察有所不同（ii）与结核病相关的污名广泛流行。（iii）电视被选为最有效的IEC媒介。因此，IEC策略应根据子群体的需求量身定制和适合。由德里Tapedic Unmulan Samiti资助。简介每年大约有200万人死于肺结核[1]。印度占全球结核病负担的近三分之一[2]。印度每年约有220万人患上结核病，其中约有100万人是新涂片阳性高传染性病例，约有50万人死于结核病[ 2]。全世界的结核病规划都基于DOTS战略，该战略被称为印度的修订后的国家结核病控制规划。其目标是达到85％的治疗成功率和70％的病例发现率[3]。目前，RNTCP覆盖了印度90％的人口[4]。整个德里市于1999年被归入RNTCP，即使2000年的治疗成功率是80％，病例发现率是68％，年化总病例发现率仍然保持在每1例203涂片阳性病例的高水平。 ，00,000人口[5]。在印度北部城市人口中进行的死亡原因研究中，发现结核病占所有死亡的5.3％[6]。各种因素，例如延误治疗，对治疗方式的无知疾病传播和治疗失误的原因可能导致德里目前结核病的高病例负担[7,8]。结核病控制计划已经认识到并解决了那些系统的组成部分，其中不仅患者，而且普通人群的知识和行为是关键问题，这些关键问题对寻求治疗行为和治疗完成产生深远影响[9,10] 。在RNTCP下，结核病的病例检测主要依赖于被动报告症状，这在很大程度上取决于个人的自愿表现和个人识别症状以及文化和社会因素的动机[3]。有文献记载，不良的健康教育和对患者以及医护人员的结核病意识是对当前的结核病控制策略产生不利影响的根本问题之一[11]。缺乏足够的信息是造成结核病的主要障碍之一。治疗依从性[12,13]。在那些已经达到高治愈率的环境中，社区健康教育被认为是高度相关的[14]。针对行为改变的结核病控制计划的一项主要举措是发起了一次密集的IEC（信息，教育和沟通）运动。 IEC活动有助于加快变革过程，增强知识并确保为社区提供持续的教育体系[15]。尽管IEC策略已成为德里RNTCP的组成部分，但2001年3月发起的运动进一步增强了正在进行的IEC工作，在此之前，RNTCP的IEC组成部分并没有得到太多重视。世卫组织还宣布

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