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Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and the Modelling of Alzheimer’s Disease: The Human Brain Outside the Dish

机译:人类诱导的多能干细胞和阿尔茨海默氏病的模型:菜外的人脑

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Background:Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) are a global health issue primarily in the elderly. Although AD has been investigated using primary cultures, animal models and post-mortem human brain tissues, there are currently no effective treatments.Summary:With the advent of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) reprogrammed from fully differentiated adult cells such as skin fibroblasts, newer opportunities have arisen to study the pathophysiology of many diseases in more depth. It is envisioned that iPSCs could be used as a powerful tool for neurodegenerative disease modelling and eventually be an unlimited source for cell replacement therapy. This paper provides an overview of; the contribution of iPSCs towards modeling and understanding AD pathogenesis, the novel human/mouse chimeric models in elucidating current AD pathogenesis hypotheses, the possible use of iPSCs in drug screening, and perspectives on possible future directions.Key messages:Human/mouse chimeric models using iPSCs to study AD offer much promise in better replicating AD pathology and can be further exploited to elucidate disease pathogenesis with regards to the neuroinflammation hypothesis of AD.
机译:背景:像阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)这样的神经退行性疾病是全球性的健康问题,主要是针对老年人。尽管已使用原代培养物,动物模型和人体后尸体组织对AD进行了研究,但目前尚无有效的治疗方法。总结:随着从完全分化的成年细胞(如皮肤成纤维细胞)重编程的诱导多能干细胞(iPSC)的出现,出现了更深入研究许多疾病的病理生理学的新机会。可以预见,iPSC可以用作神经退行性疾病建模的强大工具,并最终成为细胞替代疗法的无限来源。本文提供了以下内容的概述: iPSC对建模和理解AD发病机理的贡献,新型人/小鼠嵌合模型在阐明当前AD发病机理假说,iPSC在药物筛选中的可能用途以及对未来可能方向的看法。用于研究AD的iPSC为更好地复制AD病理学提供了广阔的前景,并且可以针对AD的神经炎症假设进一步开发其阐明疾病的发病机制。

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