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首页> 外文期刊>World Journal of Preventive Medicine >Smoking while Driving: Frequency, Motives, Perceived Risk and Punishment
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Smoking while Driving: Frequency, Motives, Perceived Risk and Punishment

机译：开车时吸烟：频率，动机，可感知的风险和惩罚

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When dealing with the duality of traffic accidents and road safety, smoking while driving is one of the factors that, despite the social beliefs and/or misconceptions, causes a large number of injuries and deaths worldwide. Although smoking is a well-known harmful behavior for people’s health, it affects health and safety in many ways, perhaps more than some segments of the population can imagine. This is the specific case of drivers. The main objective of this study was to describe the behavioral and representational aspects of drivers that modulate the smoking-accidents relation. Specifically, it focuses in the frequency and reasons why drivers smoke while driving. On the other hand, it was also considered the perception of drivers regarding the probability of penalty, the penalties imposed, and their severity. Finally, drivers’ opinion on the effectiveness of such penalty in order to change this behavior was also studied. A sample of 1100 Spanish drivers was obtained from a national sampling process. The results showed that approximately the 11% of drivers circulate regularly smoking. Among the specific reasons, the most common is that constitutes a habit of the interviewed driver. Regarding punishment, drivers considered as limited the probability of being caught. Moreover, there has been no respondents who have been fined for this behavior while driving. In general, it seems that drivers are aware of the risk implied by this behavior. However, there are very few drivers who value this as a high-risk behavior. This agrees with the respondents' opinion that it is, in other words, driving under a low sense of responsibility. This, it results logical that the sanction that the respondents believe more appropriate for the behavior of smoking while driving is an economic penalty. As a conclusion, it has been remarked that there is a clear lack of correspondence between the risk perceived in this misbehavior and the frequency and motives argued to perform it while driving. It is worth mentioning that it makes important to improve the awareness and monitoring of this behavior among Spanish drivers as a manner to, first, promote healthy habits among key sectors of population, and, second, to prevent potential road crasher related to the psychomotor impairments that this behavior implies on driving performance.
机译：在应对交通事故和道路安全的双重性时，尽管有社会信仰和/或误解，开车时吸烟仍是导致全球范围内大量伤亡的因素之一。尽管吸烟是众所周知的危害人类健康的有害行为，但它在许多方面影响健康与安全，也许超出了某些人群的想象范围。这是驱动程序的特定情况。这项研究的主要目的是描述调节吸烟-事故关系的驾驶员的行为和表征方面。具体来说，它着重于驾驶员开车时吸烟的频率和原因。另一方面，还考虑了驾驶员对处罚可能性，所施加处罚及其严重性的看法。最后，还研究了驾驶员对此类处罚是否有效以改变这种行为的看法。从全国抽样过程中获得了1100名西班牙司机的样本。结果表明，大约11％的驾驶员定期吸烟。在特定原因中，最常见的是构成受访司机的习惯。关于惩罚，驾驶员被认为被抓住的可能性有限。此外，没有受访者因驾驶时的这种行为而被罚款。通常，驾驶员似乎已经意识到这种行为所隐含的风险。但是，很少有驾驶员将此视为高风险行为。这与受访者的观点一致，换句话说，这是在低责任感下驾驶。因此，可以得出这样的逻辑，即被调查者认为更适合驾车时吸烟行为的制裁是经济处罚。作为结论，已经指出，在这种不当行为中察觉到的风险与在驾驶时进行该行为的频率和动机之间显然缺乏对应关系。值得一提的是，重要的是要提高西班牙驾驶员对这种行为的认识和监测，以首先在人群中促进健康习惯，其次是预防与心理运动障碍有关的撞车事故。这种行为暗示着驾驶性能。

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