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Screening for chronic Hepatitis B

机译：慢性乙型肝炎的筛查

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem worldwide. More than 2 billion people have been infected; more than 350 million present with chronic HBV infection. A significant proportion (15-40%) of chronic HBV infected patients develop liver cirrhosis, liver failure, and primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), making chronic hepatitis B one of the 10 major causes of death worldwide. The practice of preventive medicine involves three primary tasks: Screening, counseling, and immunization or chemoprophylaxis. Screening healthy individuals incurs an ethical obligation on the clinician. Persons who are most likely to be actively infected with HBV should be tested for chronic HBV infection. Testing should include a serologic assay for HBsAg offered as a part of routine care and be accompanied by appropriate counseling and referral for recommended clinical evaluation and care. To determine susceptibility among persons who are at ongoing risk for infection and recommended for vaccination, total anti-HBc or anti-HBs also should be tested at the time of serologic testing for chronic HBV infection. Recommendations related to screening for chronic HBV infection have been summarized in this article.
机译：乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染是全球主要的公共卫生问题。已有超过20亿人被感染;超过3.5亿人患有慢性HBV感染。很大一部分（15-40％）慢性HBV感染患者发展为肝硬化，肝衰竭和原发性肝细胞癌（HCC），使慢性乙型肝炎成为全球十大主要死因之一。预防医学的实践涉及三个主要任务：筛查，咨询和免疫或化学预防。对健康个体进行筛查会招致临床医生的道德义务。最有可能主动感染HBV的人应接受慢性HBV感染检查。测试应包括作为常规治疗一部分的HBsAg血清学检测，并伴有适当的咨询和推荐的临床评估和护理推荐。为了确定处于持续感染风险中并建议进行疫苗接种的人之间的敏感性，在血清学检测中应同时检测总抗-HBc或抗-HBs的慢性HBV感染。本文总结了与慢性HBV感染筛查有关的建议。

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