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Exploratory analysis of health-related quality of life among the empty-nest elderly in rural China: An empirical study in three economically developed cities in eastern China

机译：中国农村空巢老人健康相关生活质量的探索性分析：对中国东部三个经济发达城市的实证研究

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Background Along with rapid economic development, the aging process in China is gradually accelerating. The living conditions of empty-nest rural elderly are worrisome. As a more vulnerable group, empty-nest elderly are facing more urgent health problems. This study explores the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of empty-nest elderly in rural China and aims to arouse more social concern for their HRQOL. Methods Research subjects were empty-nest rural elderly from three cities: Nanjing, Suzhou, and Wenzhou (ages?≥?60, n =?967). This study used the five-dimensional European quality of health scale (EQ-5D) and the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) to measure the HRQOL of the respondents. Spearman correlation coefficient, stereotype logistic regression, ordered probit regression and multinomial logistic regression, and Structural equation model (SEM) methods are employed to study the relationship. Results (1) The Spearman correlation coefficient shows that the correlations of similar domains between the SF-12 and the EQ-5D scales are relatively strong. (2) Men’s scores are higher than that of women’s in general health (GH) and anxiety/depression (AD) models. (3) The scores of physical component summary (PCS), physical functioning (PF), mental health (MH), and usual activities (UA) decline with age. (4) Apart from PCS, vitality (VT), and role-emotional (RE) as dependent variables, the education passes all the significance tests. The higher the education is, the higher the scores of physical or psychological health are. (5) The scores of PCS and bodily pain (BP) of empty-nest elderly are divorced or higher in other marital status. (6) In SEM analysis, the effect of basic information of empty-nest elderly on SF-12 scale is more significant. Conclusions First, the frequency histograms of EQ-5D show that the scores of empty-nest elderly in rural China are generally low. Second, in all SF-12 items, the HRQOL is low. Third, men’s scores are higher than that of women’s. The elderly with higher education reported higher scores than those with lower education. Fourth, the effect of socio-demographic variables of the rural Chinese empty-nest elderly on SF-12 scores is more significant, whereas the effect on EQ-5D scores is less significant.
机译：背景技术随着经济的快速发展，中国的老龄化进程正在逐步加速。空巢的农村老人的生活状况令人担忧。作为一个较脆弱的群体，空巢老人正面临更紧急的健康问题。这项研究探讨了中国农村空巢老人的健康相关生活质量（HRQOL），旨在引起人们对其HRQOL的更多社会关注。方法研究对象为南京，苏州和温州三个城市的空巢农村老人（年龄≥60，n = 967）。这项研究使用了欧洲五维健康质量量表（EQ-5D）和12个项目的简短健康调查表（SF-12）来衡量受访者的HRQOL。使用Spearman相关系数，定型逻辑回归，有序概率回归和多项式逻辑回归以及结构方程模型（SEM）方法研究这种关系。结果（1）Spearman相关系数表明SF-12和EQ-5D量表之间相似域的相关性相对较强。 （2）在一般健康（GH）和焦虑/抑郁（AD）模型中，男性得分高于女性。 （3）身体成分摘要（PCS），身体机能（PF），心理健康（MH）和日常活动（UA）的分数随年龄下降。 （4）除了PCS，活力（VT）和角色情绪（RE）作为因变量外，该教育还通过了所有显着性检验。受教育程度越高，身体或心理健康得分越高。 （5）在其他婚姻状况下，空巢老人的PCS和身体疼痛（BP）得分离婚或更高。 （6）在SEM分析中，空巢老人的基本信息对SF-12量表的影响更大。结论首先，EQ-5D频率直方图显示中国农村空巢老人的得分普遍较低。其次，在所有SF-12项目中，HRQOL都很低。第三，男人的分数高于女人。受过高等教育的老年人比受过高等教育的老年人得分更高。第四，中国农村空巢老人的社会人口统计学变量对SF-12得分的影响更显着，而对EQ-5D得分的影响则不那么显着。

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