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首页> 外文期刊>Hydrology and Earth System Sciences >Storage dynamics, hydrological connectivity and flux ages in a karst catchment: conceptual modelling using stable isotopes
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Storage dynamics, hydrological connectivity and flux ages in a karst catchment: conceptual modelling using stable isotopes

机译：喀斯特流域的存储动态，水文连通性和通量年龄：使用稳定同位素的概念建模

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We developed a new tracer-aided hydrological model that disaggregates cockpit karst terrain into the two dominant landscape units of hillslopes and depressions (with fast and slow flow systems). The new model was calibrated by using high temporal resolution hydrometric and isotope data in the outflow of Chenqi catchment in Guizhou Province of south-western China. The model could track hourly water and isotope fluxes through each landscape unit and estimate the associated storage and water age dynamics. From the model results we inferred that the fast flow reservoir in the depression had the smallest water storage and the slow flow reservoir the largest, with the hillslope intermediate. The estimated mean ages of water draining the hillslope unit, and the fast and slow flow reservoirs during the study period, were 137, 326 and 493?days, respectively. Distinct seasonal variability in hydroclimatic conditions and associated water storage dynamics (captured by the model) were the main drivers of non-stationary hydrological connectivity between the hillslope and depression. During the dry season, slow flow in the depression contributes the largest proportion (78.4?%) of flow to the underground stream draining the catchment, resulting in weak hydrological connectivity between the hillslope and depression. During the wet period, with the resulting rapid increase in storage, the hillslope unit contributes the largest proportion (57.5?%) of flow to the underground stream due to the strong hydrological connectivity between the hillslope and depression. Meanwhile, the tracer-aided model can be used to identify the sources of uncertainty in the model results. Our analysis showed that the model uncertainty of the hydrological variables in the different units relies on their connectivity with the outlet when the calibration target uses only the outlet information. The model uncertainty was much lower for the “newer” water from the fast flow system in the depression and flow from the hillslope unit during the wet season and higher for “older” water from the slow flow system in the depression. This suggests that to constrain model parameters further, increased high-resolution hydrometric and tracer data on the internal dynamics of systems (e.g. groundwater responses during low flow periods) could be used in calibration.
机译：我们开发了一种新的示踪剂辅助水文模型，该模型将座舱岩溶地形分解为山坡和洼地的两个主要景观单元（包括快速和慢速流动系统）。通过使用中国西南贵州省陈其流域的高时空分辨率水文数据和同位素数据对新模型进行了校准。该模型可以跟踪通过每个景观单元的每小时水和同位素通量，并估算相关的储水量和水年龄动态。从模型结果可以推断出，洼地的快速流动储水量最小，慢速流动储水量最大，山坡中间。在研究期间，估计排水的平均年龄分别为137天，326天和326天。水文气候条件的明显季节性变化和相关的储水动力学（由模型捕获）是山坡和洼地之间非平稳水文联系的主要驱动力。在干旱季节，洼地中的缓慢流占排泄集水区的地下溪流的最大比例（78.4％），导致山坡和洼地之间的水文连通性较弱。在潮湿时期，由于蓄水量的迅速增加，由于山坡和洼地之间的强水文连通性，山坡单元对地下水流的贡献最大（57.5％）。同时，示踪剂辅助模型可用于识别模型结果中不确定性的来源。我们的分析表明，当标定目标仅使用出口信息时，不同单元中水文变量的模型不确定性取决于它们与出口的连通性。对于凹陷处快速流动系统中的“较新”水和雨季中山坡单元的水而言，模型不确定性要低得多，而对于凹陷处缓慢流动系统中的“较旧”水而言，模型不确定性要高得多。这表明，要进一步约束模型参数，可以使用有关系统内部动力学的高分辨率水文和示踪数据（例如，低流量时期的地下水响应）进行校准。

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