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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle >Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation and skeletal muscle in healthy and muscle-wasting conditions
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Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation and skeletal muscle in healthy and muscle-wasting conditions

机译：在健康和肌肉萎缩的情况下补充β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸酯和骨骼肌

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Abstract Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a metabolite of the essential amino acid leucine that has been reported to have anabolic effects on protein metabolism. The aims of this article were to summarize the results of studies of the effects of HMB on skeletal muscle and to examine the evidence for the rationale to use HMB as a nutritional supplement to exert beneficial effects on muscle mass and function in various conditions of health and disease. The data presented here indicate that the beneficial effects of HMB have been well characterized in strength-power and endurance exercise. HMB attenuates exercise-induced muscle damage and enhances muscle hypertrophy and strength, aerobic performance, resistance to fatigue, and regenerative capacity. HMB is particularly effective in untrained individuals who are exposed to strenuous exercise and in trained individuals who are exposed to periods of high physical stress. The low effectiveness of HMB in strength-trained athletes could be due to the suppression of the proteolysis that is induced by the adaptation to training, which may blunt the effects of HMB. Studies performed with older people have demonstrated that HMB can attenuate the development of sarcopenia in elderly subjects and that the optimal effects of HMB on muscle growth and strength occur when it is combined with exercise. Studies performed under in vitro conditions and in various animal models suggest that HMB may be effective in treatment of muscle wasting in various forms of cachexia. However, there are few clinical reports of the effects of HMB on muscle wasting in cachexia; in addition, most of these studies evaluated the therapeutic potential of combinations of various agents. Therefore, it has not been possible to determine whether HMB was effective or if there was a synergistic effect. Although most of the endogenous HMB is produced in the liver, there are no reports regarding the levels and the effects of HMB supplementation in subjects with liver disease. Several studies have suggested that anabolic effects of HMB supplementation on skeletal muscle do not occur in healthy, non-exercising subjects. It is concluded that (i) HMB may be applied to enhance increases in the mass and strength of skeletal muscles in subjects who exercise and in the elderly and (ii) studies examining the effects of HMB administered alone are needed to obtain conclusions regarding the specific effectiveness in attenuating muscle wasting in various muscle-wasting disorders.
机译：摘要β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸（HMB）是必需氨基酸亮氨酸的代谢产物，据报道对蛋白质代谢具有合成代谢作用。本文的目的是总结HMB对骨骼肌的影响的研究结果，并探讨使用HMB作为营养补品在各种健康和体力条件下对肌肉质量和功能产生有益影响的理论依据。疾病。此处提供的数据表明，HMB的有益效果在力量，力量和耐力运动中得到了很好的表征。 HMB可减轻运动引起的肌肉损伤，并增强肌肉肥大和力量，有氧运动，抗疲劳和再生能力。 HMB在进行剧烈运动的未经训练的个体以及在遭受高身体压力的训练的个体中特别有效。 HMB在受过力量训练的运动员中效率低下的原因可能是由于对训练的适应引起的蛋白水解受到抑制，这可能会削弱HMB的作用。与老年人进行的研究表明，HMB可以减轻老年受试者肌肉减少症的发展，并且HMB对肌肉生长和力量的最佳作用是与运动相结合。在体外条件下和各种动物模型中进行的研究表明，HMB可以有效治疗各种形式的恶病质的肌肉萎缩。但是，很少有关于HMB对恶病质中肌肉消瘦的影响的临床报道。此外，这些研究大多数评估了各种药物组合的治疗潜力。因此，不可能确定HMB是否有效或是否具有协同作用。尽管大多数内源性HMB都是在肝脏中产生的，但尚无关于HMB补充水平和肝病患者影响的报道。几项研究表明，在健康，不运动的受试者中，补充HMB对骨骼肌的合成代谢作用不会发生。结论是：（i）HMB可用于增强运动受试者和老年人的骨骼肌质量和力量，并且（ii）需要研究单独使用HMB的效果以得出有关具体问题的结论减轻各种肌肉萎缩性疾病中的肌肉萎缩的有效性。

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