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A Review of Bisphosphonates and Bisphosphonate-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw

机译：颌骨双膦酸盐和双膦酸盐相关性骨坏死的研究进展

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Statement of Problems: Bisphosphonates are a class of agents used in treating a variety of bone diseases, including osteoporosis, multiple myeloma and hypocalcemia due to malignancy. Despite the benefits related to the use of these medications, in recent years, numerous cases of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) of patients treated with oral/IV bisphosphonates have been reported. The BRONJ phenomenon is a serious complication, presenting as an exposure of alveolar bone either spontaneously or secondary to invasive oral surgical procedures. Purpose: This review aimed to warn dentists and dental specialists about BRONJ and propose guidelines for diagnosis, staging, management and treatment selection based on the available data and the authors’ experiences. Conclusion: All the patients treated with oral or IV bisphosphonate therapyare are at risk of BRONJ. Suggested guidelines for these two applied forms of bisphosphonates vary. In IV bisphosphonate therapy, all dentoalveolar surgeries are contraindicated and should be avoided. However, the indications are more controversial in the cases of bisphosphonates administered via the oral route and are related to the duration of treatment. Key words: Bisphosphonate, Osteonecrosis, Jaw
机译：问题陈述：双膦酸盐是一类用于治疗多种骨疾病的药物，包括骨质疏松症，多发性骨髓瘤和恶性肿瘤引起的低钙血症。尽管与使用这些药物有关的益处，但是近年来，已经报道了许多口服/静脉注射双膦酸盐治疗的患者双膦酸盐相关的颌骨坏死（BRONJ）病例。 BRONJ现象是一种严重的并发症，表现为自发性或继发于侵入性口腔外科手术之后的牙槽骨暴露。目的：这篇评论旨在警告牙医和牙科专家有关BRONJ的知识，并根据现有数据和作者的经验提出诊断，分期，管理和治疗选择的指南。结论：所有接受口服或静脉注射双膦酸盐治疗的患者都有BRONJ的危险。这两种双膦酸盐应用形式的建议指南有所不同。在静脉注射双膦酸盐治疗时，禁止所有牙槽手术，应避免。然而，在通过口服途径施用双膦酸盐的情况下，适应症更具争议性，并且与治疗时间有关。关键词：双膦酸盐骨坏死颚

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