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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Neuroscience >Untangling Cortical Complexity During Development:
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Untangling Cortical Complexity During Development:

机译：在开发过程中解开皮质的复杂性：

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The cerebral cortex is composed of billions of morphologically and functionally distinct neurons. These neurons are produced and organized in a regimental fashion during development. The ability of neurons to encode and elicit complex cognitive and motor functions depends on their precise molecular processes, identity, and connectivity established during development. Elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate development of the neocortex has been a challenge for many years. The cerebral cortical neuronal subtypes are classified based on morphology, function, intrinsic synaptic properties, location, connectivity, and marker gene expression. Development of the neocortex requires an orchestration of a series of processes including the appropriate determination, migration and positioning of the neurons, acquisition of layer-specific transcriptional hallmarks, and formation of precise axonal projections and networks. Historically, fate mapping, genome-wide analysis, and transcriptome profiling have provided many opportunities for the characterization of neuronal subtypes. During the course of this review, we will address the regimental organization of the cerebral cortex, dissect the cellular subtypes that contribute to cortical complexity, and outline their molecular hallmarks to understand cellular diversity in the cerebral cortex with a focus on the excitatory neurons.
机译：大脑皮层由数十亿个形态和功能上不同的神经元组成。这些神经元在发育过程中以团组方式产生和组织。神经元编码和引发复杂的认知和运动功能的能力取决于其在发育过程中建立的精确分子过程，同一性和连接性。阐明调节新皮层发育的细胞和分子机制多年来一直是一个挑战。根据形态，功能，内在突触特性，位置，连通性和标记基因表达对大脑皮层神经元亚型进行分类。新皮层的发育需要一系列过程的编排，包括适当确定，神经元的迁移和定位，层特异性转录标记的获取以及精确的轴突投影和网络的形成。从历史上看，命运定位，全基因组分析和转录组分析已为表征神经元亚型提供了许多机会。在本文的审查过程中，我们将探讨大脑皮层的组织结构，剖析导致皮层复杂性的细胞亚型，并概述它们的分子标志，以重点研究兴奋性神经元来了解大脑皮层中的细胞多样性。

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