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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of International Humanitarian Action >Prevention and treatment of acute malnutrition in humanitarian emergencies: a multi-organisation collaboration to increase access to synthesised evidence
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Prevention and treatment of acute malnutrition in humanitarian emergencies: a multi-organisation collaboration to increase access to synthesised evidence

机译：预防和治疗人道主义紧急情况中的严重营养不良：多组织合作以增加获取综合证据的机会

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Abstract BackgroundProgram decision-making to prevent and treat acute malnutrition in an emergency can be hampered by a lack of accessible and relevant overviews of directly available robust research evidence. There is often evidence from related settings such as from low-income countries, but this is dispersed across many databases, may be inaccessible and requires assessment of its relevance to the humanitarian setting. We describe a process whereby a multi-disciplinary, international group of specialists worked together to build relevant and effective collections of available systematic reviews on acute malnutrition, published and disseminated as online collections, to improve access to the evidence and concise, synthesised, relevant up to date evidence for programming. By describing this process, we hope to inspire other professional groups to take part in similar multi-stakeholder, multi-disciplinary projects.ObjectivesThis project was designed to make the evidence from relevant systematic reviews about malnutrition as accessible as possible to support evidence-based decision-making and to guide future research on the prevention and treatment of acute malnutrition in humanitarian emergencies.MethodsBetween March 2017 and March 2018, a large group (21 volunteers and stakeholders) with different backgrounds collaborated to review and curate collections of systematic reviews of interventions for the prevention and treatment of moderate and severe acute malnutrition relevant to humanitarian emergencies. The methodology loosely followed general guidance for overviews of systematic reviews with a pre-defined question (formulated using the PICOS format) and search strategies applied to multiple databases. Pairs of collaborators first screened the search yields to identify potentially eligible reviews, where after other pairs screened the list of potentially eligible reviews for relevance and thus included in the final collections.ResultsSearch strategies were run in 12 databases, in the week of 15 September 2017, yielding a total of 4646 records after de-duplication. At this point, Cochrane reviews ( n =?463) and non-Cochrane reviews ( n =?4183) were separated and handled by different teams to compile three linked collections, namely the Evidence Aid Collection, consisting of relevant non-Cochrane reviews, and two Cochrane Special Collections, consisting of relevant Cochrane reviews, one for prevention and the other for treatment of acute malnutrition. The collections were published on the Evidence Aid website on 12 March 2018 and Cochrane website in August 2018.DiscussionThrough this collaboration, we have successfully generated three collections of systematic reviews to guide prevention and management of acute malnutrition in humanitarian emergencies: an Evidence Aid collection of non-Cochrane reviews, and two Cochrane Special Collections of Cochrane reviews. These collections provide accessible synthesised evidence that can be used to inform decision-making on strategies and policies in the humanitarian emergency and disaster risk reduction sectors and to guide future research by identifying gaps in robust evidence and areas that are under-researched. These collections did not set out to assess methodological quality, appraise in detail what the reviews found or summarise the evidence, but rather to curate the identified relevant systematic reviews into online resources for others to use. This unique collaboration of different individuals, organisations and stakeholders, and the collation of robust evidence can be repeated for other subjects, and Evidence Aid is eager to support new collections around other topics relevant to humanitarian emergencies.
机译：摘要背景缺乏直接可用的有力研究证据的可访问性和相关概述，可能会妨碍在紧急情况下预防和治疗急性营养不良的计划决策。经常有来自低收入国家等相关环境的证据，但这分散在许多数据库中，可能无法访问，需要评估其与人道主义环境的相关性。我们描述了一个过程，跨学科的国际专家小组共同协作，建立了有关急性营养不良的有效系统评价的相关有效收集，并以在线收集的形式发布和分发，以改善获取证据的途径，并提供简洁，综合，相关的资料。迄今为止的编程证据。通过描述这一过程，我们希望启发其他专业团体参与类似的多方利益相关者，多学科项目。目标该项目旨在使营养不良相关系统评价中的证据尽可能容易获得，以支持基于证据的决策方法在2017年3月至2018年3月期间，来自不同背景的一大群人（21名志愿者和利益相关者）协作审查和整理了针对干预措施的系统评价的集合预防和治疗与人道主义紧急情况有关的中度和重度急性营养不良。该方法大致遵循关于系统评价概述的一般指南，该系统评价包含一个预定义的问题（使用PICOS格式制定）以及应用于多个数据库的搜索策略。成对的合作伙伴首先筛选出搜索结果，以识别可能符合条件的评论，然后在其他对合作伙伴中筛选可能符合条件的评论列表的相关性，从而将其包括在最终馆藏中。结果搜索策略在2017年9月15日那一周在12个数据库中运行，重复数据删除后总共产生4646条记录。此时，Cochrane评论（n =？463）和非Cochrane评论（n =？4183）分开并由不同的团队处理，以编译三个链接的集合，即由相关的非Cochrane评论组成的证据援助集合，还有两个Cochrane特别收藏，其中包括相关的Cochrane评论，一个用于预防，另一个用于治疗急性营养不良。这些文献集已于2018年3月12日在证据援助网站上发布，并于2018年8月在Cochrane网站上发表了讨论。通过此次合作，我们已成功生成了三套系统综述，以指导人道主义紧急情况中急性营养不良的预防和管理：非Cochrane评论和两个Cochrane特别收藏的Cochrane评论。这些收集提供了可获取的综合证据，可用于为人道主义紧急情况和减少灾害风险部门的战略和政策提供决策依据，并通过确定可靠证据和研究不足的领域中的差距来指导未来的研究。这些馆藏并未着手评估方法学质量，详细评估评论发现或总结的证据，而是将识别出的相关系统评论整理到在线资源中供他人使用。可以重复其他个人，组织和利益相关者的这种独特合作，以及对其他主题进行可靠证据的整理，证据援助组织渴望支持围绕与人道主义紧急情况相关的其他主题的新收藏。

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