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Kidney Damage in Autoimmune Diseases

机译：自身免疫性疾病中的肾脏损害

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Kidney Damage in Autoimmune DiseasesRenal involvement in autoimmunity has many facets. Glomerular, tubular and vascular structures are targeted and damaged as a consequence of autoimmune processes. Immunologically mediated kidney diseases represent the third most common cause of end-stage renal failure (after diabetic and hypertensive nephropathies). Appropriate evalution of patients with immune-mediated kidney diseases requires a meticulous history and physical examination, with particular attention to the urinalysis, tests of renal function and often renal biopsy. The thorough clinician should personally review microscopic urinalysis in any case in which there is a reasonable index of suspicion of immune-mediated renal disease. In this article we propose to highlight recent developments, with particular reference to renal autoimmunity. Systemic lupus erythe-matosus affects many parts of the body: primarily the skin and joints, but also the kidneys. Goodpasture's syndrome involves an autoantibody that specifically targets the kidneys and the lungs. IgA nephropathy is a form of glomerular disease that results when immunoglobulin A (IgA) forms deposits in the glomeruli, where it creates inflammation. Future research could look for how the disease occurs, and how to easily test for its presence so that early treatment could be started.
机译：肾脏在自身免疫疾病中的损害肾脏参与自身免疫有很多方面。由于自身免疫过程，肾小球，肾小管和血管结构受到靶向和破坏。免疫学介导的肾脏疾病代表了终末期肾衰竭（继糖尿病和高血压性肾病之后）的第三大最常见原因。对免疫介导的肾脏疾病患者进行适当的评估需要仔细的病史和体格检查，尤其要注意尿液分析，肾功能检查以及经常的肾活检。如果怀疑患者存在免疫介导的肾脏疾病的合理指标，则彻底的临床医生应亲自检查微观尿液分析。在本文中，我们建议重点介绍最近的发展，特别是关于肾脏自身免疫的研究。系统性红斑狼疮会影响身体的许多部分：主要是皮肤和关节，但也会影响肾脏。 Goodpasture综合征涉及一种特异性针对肾脏和肺部的自身抗体。 IgA肾病是一种肾小球疾病，当免疫球蛋白A（IgA）在肾小球中形成沉积物并引发炎症时，就会导致这种疾病。未来的研究可能会寻找这种疾病的发生方式，以及如何轻松地测试其是否存在，以便可以开始早期治疗。

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