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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Genomics >Mapping the sex determination locus in the Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) using RAD sequencing
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Mapping the sex determination locus in the Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) using RAD sequencing

机译：使用RAD序列定位大西洋大比目鱼（Hippoglossus hippoglossus）中的性别决定基因座

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Background Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) is a high-value, niche market species for cold-water marine aquaculture. Production of monosex female stocks is desirable in commercial production since females grow faster and mature later than males. Understanding the sex determination mechanism and developing sex-associated markers will shorten the time for the development of monosex female production, thus decreasing the costs of farming. Results Halibut juveniles were masculinised with 17 α-methyldihydrotestosterone (MDHT) and grown to maturity. Progeny groups from four treated males were reared and sexed. Two of these groups (n?=?26 and 70) consisted of only females, while the other two (n?=?30 and 71) contained balanced sex ratios (50% and 48% females respectively). DNA from parents and offspring from the two mixed-sex families were used as a template for Restriction-site Associated DNA (RAD) sequencing. The 648 million raw reads produced 90,105 unique RAD-tags. A linkage map was constructed based on 5703 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers and 7 microsatellites consisting of 24 linkage groups, which corresponds to the number of chromosome pairs in this species. A major sex determining locus was mapped to linkage group 13 in both families. Assays for 10 SNPs with significant association with phenotypic sex were tested in both population data and in 3 additional families. Using a variety of machine-learning algorithms 97% correct classification could be obtained with the 3% of errors being phenotypic males predicted to be females. Conclusion Altogether our findings support the hypothesis that the Atlantic halibut has an XX/XY sex determination system. Assays are described for sex-associated DNA markers developed from the RAD sequencing analysis to fast track progeny testing and implement monosex female halibut production for an immediate improvement in productivity. These should also help to speed up the inclusion of neomales derived from many families to maintain a larger effective population size and ensure long-term improvement through selective breeding.
机译：背景技术大西洋大比目鱼（Hippoglossus hippoglossus）是用于冷水海水养殖的高价值利基市场品种。单性雌性种群的生产在商业生产中是可取的，因为雌性比雄性生长更快，成熟更晚。了解性别决定机制并开发性别相关标记将缩短发展单性女性生产的时间，从而降低耕种成本。结果大比目鱼幼体被17α-甲基二氢睾丸激素（MDHT）男性化并成熟。饲养来自四个接受治疗的雄性的后代组并进行性别分析。这些群体中的两个（n = 26和70）仅由女性组成，而另外两个（n = 30和71）则具有平衡的性别比例（分别为50％和48％）。来自两个混合性别家庭的父母和后代的DNA被用作限制性位点相关DNA（RAD）测序的模板。 6.48亿个原始读取产生了90,105个独特的RAD标签。基于5703单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记和由24个连锁组组成的7个微卫星构建了连锁图，这与该物种的染色体对数相对应。一个主要的性别决定基因座被映射到两个家庭的第13个连锁群。在人群数据和另外3个家庭中测试了与表型性别显着相关的10个SNP的含量。使用各种机器学习算法，可以得到97％的正确分类，其中3％的错误是表型为男性的女性。结论总的来说，我们的发现支持以下假设：大西洋大比目鱼具有XX / XY性别确定系统。描述了从RAD测序分析开发的与性别相关的DNA标记的检测方法，可快速跟踪后代测试并实施单性雌性大比目鱼生产，以立即提高生产力。这些还应有助于加快来自许多家庭的新男性的纳入，以保持更大的有效种群数量，并通过选择性育种确保长期改善。

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