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Viral Depuration by Assaying Individual Shellfish

机译：通过检测单个贝类进行病毒净化

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A study was carried out to further evaluate the practicability of viral depuration by assaying individual shellfish. The Northern quahaug and a strain of the type 1 attenuated poliovirus were used as the working model. Two types of depuration systems were employed: the small experimental tanks and a pilot-size tank with a capacity of approximately 24 bushels (836 liters) of shellfish. Volumes of the individual shellfish samples were found uniform throughout the experiments when a prior selection for the weight of the shellfish was made. There was also no significant difference in volumes of the individual samples during the course of depuration (24 to 96 hr). Under controlled hydrographic conditions, however, the uptake of virus in individual shellfish varied considerably. In general, the individual variability reached 10- to 100-fold. This wide variation would explain the variability of viral contents obtained in pooled samples during depuration as reported previously. During a later phase of depuration, although a great majority of shellfish were free of the virus, a few still harbored minimal amounts of contaminants. The presence of virus in some of the shellfish after various periods of depuration would, theoretically, be obscured by the pooling of the sampled shellfish. Further examination of the negative samples by assaying larger quantities than those routinely used revealed that a few still contained virus. To simulate naturally polluted shellfish as closely as technically possible, shellfish were polluted with minimal amounts of virus. The shellfish were cleansed more rapidly by the depuration process than were those polluted with more virus. Since the naturally polluted shellfish were shown to contain less virus than those studied in the laboratory, it is anticipated that the former type of shellfish may be cleansed more readily by this process within a reasonable period of time. Justification for a field trial of depuration in this country is presented.
机译：进行了一项研究，通过测定单个贝类来进一步评估病毒净化的实用性。使用Northern quahaug和1型减毒脊髓灰质炎病毒株作为工作模型。使用了两种类型的净化系统：小型实验池和中型规模的池，其容量约为24蒲式耳（836升）贝类。当事先选择贝类重量时，在整个实验中发现各个贝类样品的体积均匀。在净化过程中（24至96小时），各个样品的体积也没有显着差异。但是，在受控的水文条件下，单个贝类中病毒的吸收差异很大。通常，个体变异性达到10到100倍。如前所述，这种宽泛的变化将解释在净化过程中合并样品中获得的病毒含量的变化。在净化的后期阶段，尽管绝大多数贝类都不含病毒，但仍有一些贝类的污染物很少。从理论上讲，通过收集采样的贝类可以掩盖经过不同净化时间后某些贝类中病毒的存在。通过测定比常规使用的量更大的量进一步检查阴性样品后发现，仍有少量病毒。为了在技术上尽可能接近地模拟自然污染的贝类，用最少的病毒对贝类进行了污染。与被更多病毒污染的贝类相比，通过净化过程可以更快地清洁贝类。由于显示出自然污染的贝类所含病毒少于实验室研究的病毒，因此可以预期，在合理的时间内，该类型的贝类可以通过此过程更容易地清洗。提出了在该国进行现场净化试验的理由。

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