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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >13,16-Dimethyl Octacosanedioic Acid (iso-Diabolic Acid), a Common Membrane-Spanning Lipid of Acidobacteria Subdivisions 1 and 3
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13,16-Dimethyl Octacosanedioic Acid (iso-Diabolic Acid), a Common Membrane-Spanning Lipid of Acidobacteria Subdivisions 1 and 3

机译：13,16-Dimethyl Octacosanedioic acid（iso-Diabolic Acid），是酸性细菌第1和3类的跨膜脂质。

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The distribution of membrane lipids of 17 different strains representing 13 species of subdivisions 1 and 3 of the phylum Acidobacteria , a highly diverse phylum of the Bacteria , were examined by hydrolysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS) and by high-performance liquid chromatography-MS of intact polar lipids. Upon both acid and base hydrolyses of total cell material, the uncommon membrane-spanning lipid 13,16-dimethyl octacosanedioic acid ( iso -diabolic acid) was released in substantial amounts (22 to 43% of the total fatty acids) from all of the acidobacteria studied. This lipid has previously been encountered only in thermophilic Thermoanaerobacter species but bears a structural resemblance to the alkyl chains of bacterial glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) that occur ubiquitously in peat and soil and are suspected to be produced by acidobacteria. As reported previously, most species also contained iso -C_(15) and C_(16:1ω7C) as major fatty acids but the presence of iso -diabolic acid was unnoticed in previous studies, most probably because the complex lipid that contained this moiety was not extractable from the cells; it could only be released by hydrolysis. Direct analysis of intact polar lipids in the Bligh-Dyer extract of three acidobacterial strains, indeed, did not reveal any membrane-spanning lipids containing iso -diabolic acid. In 3 of the 17 strains, ether-bound iso -diabolic acid was detected after hydrolysis of the cells, including one branched GDGT containing iso -diabolic acid-derived alkyl chains. Since the GDGT distribution in soils is much more complex, branched GDGTs in soil likely also originate from other (acido)bacteria capable of biosynthesizing these components.
机译：通过水解，气相色谱-质谱（MS）和高效液相色谱法检查了代表细菌的高度多样性门的酸性细菌门的13个亚类1和3的17个不同菌株的膜脂分布-完整极性脂质的MS。酸和碱水解总细胞物质后，从所有细胞中释放了大量（占总脂肪酸的22％至43％）不常见的跨膜脂质13,16-二甲基十八碳二烯酸（异二糖酸）。酸性细菌的研究。该脂质以前仅在嗜热嗜热厌氧细菌中遇到过，但与细菌甘油二烷基甘油四醚（GDGT）的烷基链结构相似，后者在泥炭和土壤中普遍存在，并怀疑是由酸性细菌产生的。如先前的报道，大多数物种还包含iso -C_（15）和C_（16：1ω7C）作为主要脂肪酸，但是在以前的研究中并未注意到iso -diabolic acid的存在，这很可能是因为包含该部分的复杂脂质是无法从细胞中提取;它只能通过水解释放。实际上，对三种酸性细菌菌株的Bligh-Dyer提取物中完整极性脂质的直接分析确实没有发现任何含异二糖酸的跨膜脂质。在17株菌株中的3株中，细胞水解后检测到醚结合的异二糖酸，包括一个含有异二糖酸衍生的烷基链的GDGT支链。由于GDGT在土壤中的分布要复杂得多，因此土壤中的支链GDGT也可能源自其他能够生物合成这些成分的（酸性）细菌。

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