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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Influence of the Host Contact Sequence on the Outcome of Competition among Aspergillus flavus Isolates during Host Tissue Invasion
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Influence of the Host Contact Sequence on the Outcome of Competition among Aspergillus flavus Isolates during Host Tissue Invasion

机译：宿主接触序列对宿主组织入侵过程中黄曲霉分离物竞争结果的影响

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Biological control of aflatoxin contamination by Aspergillus flavus is achieved through competitive exclusion of aflatoxin producers by atoxigenic strains. Factors dictating the extent to which competitive displacement occurs during host infection are unknown. The role of initial host contact in competition between pairs of A. flavus isolates coinfecting maize kernels was examined. Isolate success during tissue invasion and reproduction was assessed by quantification of isolate-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms using pyrosequencing. Isolates were inoculated either simultaneously or 1 h apart. Increased success during competition was conferred to the first isolate to contact the host independent of that isolate's innate competitive ability. The first-isolate advantage decreased with the conidial concentration, suggesting capture of limited resources on kernel surfaces contributes to competitive exclusion. Attempts to modify access to putative attachment sites by either coating kernels with dead conidia or washing kernels with solvents did not influence the success of the first isolate, suggesting competition for limited attachment sites on kernel surfaces does not mediate first-isolate advantage. The current study is the first to demonstrate an immediate competitive advantage conferred to A. flavus isolates upon host contact and prior to either germ tube emergence or host colonization. This suggests the timing of host contact is as important to competition during disease cycles as innate competitive ability. Early dispersal to susceptible crop components may allow maintenance within A. flavus populations of genetic types with low competitive ability during host tissue invasion.
机译：黄曲霉菌对黄曲霉毒素的生物控制是通过将产毒毒素的菌株竞争性排除黄曲霉毒素生产者来实现的。决定宿主感染期间竞争性置换发生程度的因素尚不清楚。检查了初始宿主接触在共感染玉米粒的成对黄曲霉分离株之间竞争中的作用。通过使用焦磷酸测序对分离物特异性单核苷酸多态性进行定量评估，评估组织入侵和繁殖过程中的分离物成功。分离株同时接种或间隔1小时接种。在比赛过程中，成功的增加被赋予了第一个与宿主隔离的联系方式，使其不受宿主固有的竞争能力的影响。第一分离优势随分生孢子浓度的降低而降低，这表明在籽粒表面捕获有限的资源有助于竞争性排斥。尝试通过用死分生孢子包衣玉米粒或用溶剂洗涤玉米粒来修饰对假定的附着位点的访问，均不会影响第一个分离株的成功，这表明对玉米粒表面有限的附着位点的竞争不会介导第一分离株的优势。当前的研究是第一个证明在宿主接触后以及在胚芽管出现或宿主定植之前赋予黄曲霉分离株立即竞争优势的研究。这表明宿主接触的时间对于疾病周期中的竞争与先天竞争能力一样重要。尽早散布到易感农作物成分中，可以在宿主组织入侵期间以低竞争能力维持遗传类型的黄曲霉种群内的维持。

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