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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Cow Teat Skin, a Potential Source of Diverse Microbial Populations for Cheese Production
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Cow Teat Skin, a Potential Source of Diverse Microbial Populations for Cheese Production

机译：奶牛皮肤，奶酪生产中各种微生物种群的潜在来源

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The diversity of the microbial community on cow teat skin was evaluated using a culture-dependent method based on the use of different dairy-specific media, followed by the identification of isolates by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This was combined with a direct molecular approach by cloning and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This study highlighted the large diversity of the bacterial community that may be found on teat skin, where 79.8% of clones corresponded to various unidentified species as well as 66 identified species, mainly belonging to those commonly found in raw milk ( Enterococcus , Pediococcus , Enterobacter , Pantoea , Aerococcus , and Staphylococcus ). Several of them, such as nonstarter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB), Staphylococcus , and Actinobacteria , may contribute to the development of the sensory characteristics of cheese during ripening. Therefore, teat skin could be an interesting source or vector of biodiversity for milk. Variations of microbial counts and diversity between the farms studied have been observed. Moreover, Staphylococcus auricularis , Staphylococcus devriesei , Staphylococcus arlettae , Streptococcus bovis , Streptococcus equinus , Clavibacter michiganensis , Coprococcus catus , or Arthrobacter gandavensis commensal bacteria of teat skin and teat canal, as well as human skin, are not common in milk, suggesting that there is a breakdown of microbial flow from animal to milk. It would then be interesting to thoroughly study this microbial flow from teat to milk.
机译：使用不同乳制品特异培养基的培养依赖性方法评估奶牛皮肤上微生物群落的多样性，然后通过16S rRNA基因测序鉴定分离株。通过克隆和16S rRNA基因测序与直接分子方法相结合。这项研究强调了在乳头皮肤上可能发现的细菌群落的多样性，其中79.8％的克隆对应于各种未鉴定的物种和66个鉴定的物种，主要属于原料奶中常见的那些（肠球菌，球菌，肠杆菌，泛菌，气球菌和葡萄球菌）。它们中的几种，例如非发酵乳酸菌（NSLAB），葡萄球菌和放线菌，可能有助于成熟过程中奶酪的感官特性的发展。因此，奶头皮肤可能是牛奶生物多样性的有趣来源或媒介。已经观察到所研究的农场之间微生物数量和多样性的变化。此外，乳头皮肤和乳头沟的共生细菌以及人皮肤均不常见乳头状葡萄球菌，德氏葡萄球菌，变形链球菌，牛链球菌，马链球菌，密歇根杆菌，共通链球菌或甘达氏杆菌共生细菌。是微生物从动物流向牛奶的细目。因此，彻底研究这种从乳头到牛奶的微生物流动将是很有趣的。

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