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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Two Histone Deacetylases, FfHda1 and FfHda2, Are Important for Fusarium fujikuroi Secondary Metabolism and Virulence
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Two Histone Deacetylases, FfHda1 and FfHda2, Are Important for Fusarium fujikuroi Secondary Metabolism and Virulence

机译：两种组蛋白脱乙酰基酶FfHda1和FfHda2对富士镰刀菌次生代谢和毒力很重要

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摘要

Histone modifications are crucial for the regulation of secondary metabolism in various filamentous fungi. Here we studied the involvement of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in secondary metabolism in the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium fujikuroi , a known producer of several secondary metabolites, including phytohormones, pigments, and mycotoxins. Deletion of three Zn~(2+)-dependent HDAC-encoding genes, ffhda1 , ffhda2 , and ffhda4 , indicated that FfHda1 and FfHda2 regulate secondary metabolism, whereas FfHda4 is involved in developmental processes but is dispensable for secondary-metabolite production in F. fujikuroi . Single deletions of ffhda1 and ffhda2 resulted not only in an increase or decrease but also in derepression of metabolite biosynthesis under normally repressing conditions. Moreover, double deletion of both the ffhda1 and ffhda2 genes showed additive but also distinct phenotypes with regard to secondary-metabolite biosynthesis, and both genes are required for gibberellic acid (GA)-induced bakanae disease on the preferred host plant rice, as Δ ffhda1 Δ ffhda2 mutants resemble the uninfected control plant. Microarray analysis with a Δ ffhda1 mutant that has lost the major HDAC revealed differential expression of secondary-metabolite gene clusters, which was subsequently verified by a combination of chemical and biological approaches. These results indicate that HDACs are involved not only in gene silencing but also in the activation of some genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation with the Δ ffhda1 mutant revealed significant alterations in the acetylation state of secondary-metabolite gene clusters compared to the wild type, thereby providing insights into the regulatory mechanism at the chromatin level. Altogether, manipulation of HDAC-encoding genes constitutes a powerful tool to control secondary metabolism in filamentous fungi.
机译：组蛋白修饰对于调节各种丝状真菌的次级代谢至关重要。在这里，我们研究了植物病原性真菌Fusarium fujikuroi中组蛋白脱乙酰基酶（HDACs）在次级代谢中的参与，Fusarium fujikuroi是几种次级代谢产物的已知生产者，包括植物激素，色素和霉菌毒素。删除3个依赖Zn〜（2+）的HDAC编码基因ffhda1，ffhda2和ffhda4，表明FfHda1和FfHda2调节次级代谢，而FfHda4参与发育过程，但对于F中的次级代谢产物的生产是必需的。富士黑井。 ffhda1和ffhda2的单个删除不仅导致增加或减少，而且导致在正常阻抑条件下代谢物生物合成的阻遏作用。此外，ffhda1和ffhda2基因的双重缺失显示出次级代谢产物生物合成的累加性和独特的表型，并且在首选宿主植物水稻上赤霉素（GA）诱导的巴卡那病都需要这两个基因，如Δffhda1 Δffhda2突变体与未感染的对照植物相似。用丢失了主要HDAC的Δffhda1突变体进行的微阵列分析显示，次级代谢基因簇的差异表达，随后通过化学和生物学方法的组合进行了验证。这些结果表明，HDACs不仅参与基因沉默，而且参与某些基因的激活。与野生型相比，使用Δffhda1突变体进行的染色质免疫沉淀显示，次级代谢物基因簇的乙酰化状态发生了显着变化，从而为染色质水平的调控机制提供了见识。总之，对HDAC编码基因的操纵构成了控制丝状真菌次级代谢的强大工具。

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