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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Exposure to UV-B Radiation Leads to Increased Deposition of Cell Wall-Associated Xerocomic Acid in Cultures of Serpula himantioides
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Exposure to UV-B Radiation Leads to Increased Deposition of Cell Wall-Associated Xerocomic Acid in Cultures of Serpula himantioides

机译：暴露于UV-B辐射会导致Serpula hisantioides培养物中细胞壁相关的异黄酸的沉积增加

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摘要

Many fungi are thought to have developed morphological and physiological adaptations to cope with exposure to UV-B radiation, but in most species, such responses and their protective effects have not been explored. Here, we study the adaptive response to UV-B radiation in the widespread, saprotrophic fungus Serpula himantioides, frequently found colonizing coniferous wood in nature. We report the morphological and chemical responses of S. himantioides to controlled intensities of UV-B radiation, under in vitro culture conditions. Ultraviolet radiation induced a decrease in the growth rate of S. himantioides but did not cause gross morphological changes. Instead, we observed accumulation of pigments near the cell wall with increasing intensities of UV-B radiation. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analyses revealed that xerocomic acid was the main pigment present, both before and after UV-B exposure, increasing from 7?mg/liter to 15?mg/liter after exposure. We show that xerocomic acid is a photoprotective metabolite with strong antioxidant abilities, as evidenced by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS [2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt], and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. Finally, we assessed the capacity of xerocomic acid as a photoprotective agent on HEK293 cells and observed better photoprotective properties than those of β-carotene. Xerocomic acid is therefore a promising natural product for development as a UV-protective ingredient in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.IMPORTANCE Our study shows the morphological and chemical responses of S. himantioides to controlled doses of UV-B radiation under in vitro culture conditions. We found that increased biosynthesis of xerocomic acid was the main strategy adopted by S. himantioides against UV-B radiation. Xerocomic acid showed strong antioxidant and photoprotective abilities, which has not previously been reported. Our results indicate that upon UV-B exposure, S. himantioides decreases its hyphal growth rate and uses this energy instead to increase the biosynthesis of xerocomic acid, which is allocated near the cell wall. This metabolic switch likely allows xerocomic acid to efficiently defend S. himantioides from UV radiation through its antioxidant and photoprotective properties. The findings further suggest that xerocomic acid is a promising candidate for development as a cosmetic ingredient to protect against UV radiation and should therefore be investigated in depth in the near future both in vitro and in vivo.
机译：人们认为许多真菌已经发展出形态和生理适应性以应对暴露于UV-B辐射，但是在大多数物种中，尚未探索这种反应及其保护作用。在这里，我们研究了在自然界中经常发现的针叶木材定居的，腐生的真菌Serpula himantioides中对UV-B辐射的适应性反应。我们报告了在体外培养条件下，S。hisantioides对UV-B辐射强度进行控制的形态和化学反应。紫外线辐射导致类葡萄球菌的生长速率降低，但没有引起总体形态变化。相反，我们观察到随着UV-B辐射强度的增加，色素在细胞壁附近积聚。核磁共振（NMR）和高效液相色谱-质谱（HPLC-MS）分析显示，在暴露于UV-B之前和之后，存在的主要色素是苦味酸，从7微克/升增加到15微克/升。暴露后毫克/升。我们表明，草酸是一种具有强抗氧化能力的光保护性代谢产物，如DPPH（2,2-二苯基-1-picylhydrazyl），ABTS [2,2'-叠氮基双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）所证明的二铵盐]和氧自由基吸收能力（ORAC）分析。最后，我们评估了草酸作为HEK293细胞的光保护剂的能力，并观察到了比β-胡萝卜素更好的光保护性能。因此，Xerocomic酸是有前途的天然产物，可作为化妆品和药品中的UV防护成分开发。重要信息我们的研究表明，在体外培养条件下，S。hisantioides对受控剂量的UV-B辐射的形态和化学反应。我们发现，增加的草酸的生物合成是S. hisantioides对UV-B辐射采取的主要策略。异果酸显示出强大的抗氧化剂和光防护能力，这以前没有报道。我们的结果表明，在暴露于UV-B时，类肝链球菌降低了其菌丝的生长速度，并利用这种能量来增加了在细胞壁附近分配的异黄酸的生物合成。这种新陈代谢的转换可能使异黄酸通过其抗氧化剂和光防护特性，有效地抵抗链球菌类抗紫外线。研究结果进一步表明，异黄酮酸是发展成有前景的候选物质，可作为化妆品成分来防止紫外线辐射，因此应在不久的将来在体外和体内进行深入研究。

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