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Surface Charge of Streptococcus pneumoniae Predicts Serotype Distribution

机译：肺炎链球菌的表面电荷可预测血清型分布

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Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) frequently colonizes the human nasopharynx and is an important cause of pneumonia, meningitis, sinusitis, and otitis media. The outer cell surface of pneumococcus may assume various degrees of negative charge depending on the polysaccharide capsule, of which more than 90 serotypes have been identified. The negative charge of capsular polysaccharides has been proposed to electrostatically repel pneumococci from phagocytic cells, and avoidance of phagocytosis correlates with higher carriage prevalence. We hypothesized that the surface charge of pneumococcus contributes to its success in nasopharyngeal carriage by modulating resistance to phagocyte-mediated killing. Here, we measured the surface charge (zeta potential) of laboratory-constructed strains that share a genetic background but differ in serotype and of clinical strains that differ in serotype and genetic background. A more negative surface charge correlated with higher resistance to nonopsonic killing by human neutrophils in vitro. In addition, a more negative zeta potential was associated with higher carriage prevalence in human populations before and after the widespread use of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine PCV7. We also confirmed that capsule is the major determinant of net surface charge in clinical isolates with diverse backgrounds. We noted that exceptions exist to the idea that a higher magnitude of negative charge predicts higher prevalence. The results indicated that zeta potential is strongly influenced by pneumococcal capsule type but is unlikely to be the only important mechanism by which capsule interacts with host.
机译：肺炎链球菌（肺炎球菌）经常定居在人类的鼻咽中，是引起肺炎，脑膜炎，鼻窦炎和中耳炎的重要原因。肺炎球菌的细胞外表面可能会产生不同程度的负电荷，具体取决于多糖囊，其中已鉴定出90种以上的血清型。荚膜多糖的负电荷已被提出以静电排斥吞噬细胞中的肺炎球菌，并且避免吞噬作用与较高的携带率相关。我们假设肺炎球菌的表面电荷通过调节对吞噬细胞介导的杀伤的抵抗力而有助于其在鼻咽运输中的成功。在这里，我们测量了具有遗传背景但血清型不同的实验室构建菌株的表面电荷（ζ电位），以及血清型和遗传背景不同的临床菌株的表面电荷。较负的表面电荷与人嗜中性粒细胞在体外对非调理性杀灭的更高抗性相关。此外，在广泛使用肺炎球菌结合疫苗PCV7之前和之后，更大的zeta潜能与人口中较高的携带率相关。我们还证实，胶囊是具有不同背景的临床分离株中净表面电荷的主要决定因素。我们注意到，以下观点存在例外，即负电荷量越大，预示患病率越高。结果表明，zeta电位受肺炎球菌胶囊类型的强烈影响，但不太可能是胶囊与宿主相互作用的唯一重要机制。

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