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Epigenetic Regulation of Transcription and Virulence in Trypanosoma cruzi by O-Linked Thymine Glucosylation of DNA

机译:O型胸腺嘧啶糖基化DNA的克氏锥虫转录和毒力的表观遗传调控

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Unlike other eukaryotes, the protein-coding genes of Trypanosoma cruzi are arranged in large polycistronic gene clusters transcribed by polymerase II (Pol II). Thus, it is thought that trypanosomes rely solely on posttranscriptional processes to regulate gene expression. Here, we show that the glucosylated thymine DNA base (β-d-glucosyl-hydroxymethyluracil or base J) is present within sequences flanking the polycistronic units (PTUs) in T. cruzi. The loss of base J at sites of transcription initiation, via deletion of the two enzymes that regulate base J synthesis (JBP1 and JBP2), correlates with an increased rate of Pol II transcription and subsequent genome-wide increase in gene expression. The affected genes include virulence genes, and the resulting parasites are defective in host cell invasion and egress. These studies indicate that base J is an epigenetic factor regulating Pol II transcription initiation in kinetoplastids and provides the first biological role of the only hypermodified DNA base in eukaryotes.
机译:与其他真核生物不同,克氏锥虫的蛋白质编码基因排列在聚合酶II(Pol II)转录的大型多顺反子基因簇中。因此,认为锥虫仅依赖转录后过程来调节基因表达。在这里,我们显示了糖基化的胸腺嘧啶脱氧核糖核酸碱基(β-d-葡萄糖基-羟甲基尿嘧啶或碱基J)存在于克鲁氏锥虫多顺反子单元(PTU)的序列中。通过删除调节碱基J合成的两种酶(JBP1和JBP2),转录起始位点碱基J的丢失与Pol II转录速率的增加和随后基因组范围内基因表达的增加有关。受影响的基因包括毒力基因,并且所产生的寄生虫在宿主细胞的侵袭和逸出方面具有缺陷。这些研究表明,碱基J是调节运动质体中Pol II转录起始的表观遗传因子,并提供了真核生物中唯一超修饰的DNA碱基的第一个生物学作用。

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