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Insulin Regulates Adipocyte Lipolysis via an Akt-Independent Signaling Pathway

机译:胰岛素通过独立于Akt的信号通路调节脂肪细胞的脂解

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After a meal, insulin suppresses lipolysis through the activation of its downstream kinase, Akt, resulting in the inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA), the main positive effector of lipolysis. During insulin resistance, this process is ineffective, leading to a characteristic dyslipidemia and the worsening of impaired insulin action and obesity. Here, we describe a noncanonical Akt-independent, phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)-dependent pathway that regulates adipocyte lipolysis using restricted subcellular signaling. This pathway selectively alters the PKA phosphorylation of its major lipid droplet-associated substrate, perilipin. In contrast, the phosphorylation of another PKA substrate, hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), remains Akt dependent. Furthermore, insulin regulates total PKA activity in an Akt-dependent manner. These findings indicate that localized changes in insulin action are responsible for the differential phosphorylation of PKA substrates. Thus, we identify a pathway by which insulin regulates lipolysis through the spatially compartmentalized modulation of PKA.
机译:进餐后,胰岛素通过其下游激酶Akt的激活抑制脂解作用,从而抑制蛋白激酶A(PKA),这是脂解作用的主要阳性效应物。在胰岛素抵抗期间,该过程无效,导致特征性血脂异常以及胰岛素作用和肥胖症的恶化。在这里,我们描述了非规范的Akt独立,磷酸肌醇3激酶(PI3K)依赖的途径,它使用限制的亚细胞信号调节脂肪细胞的脂解作用。该途径选择性地改变了其主要的脂质液滴相关底物周脂素的PKA磷酸化。相反,另一种PKA底物,激素敏感脂肪酶(HSL)的磷酸化仍然依赖Akt。此外,胰岛素以Akt依赖性方式调节总PKA活性。这些发现表明,胰岛素作用的局部变化是PKA底物差异磷酸化的原因。因此,我们确定了胰岛素通过PKA的空间分隔调节来调节脂解的途径。

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