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Antibiofilm activity of Parkia javanica against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a study with fruit extract

机译： Parkia javanica 对铜绿假单胞菌的抗生物膜活性：水果提取物的研究

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Parkia javanica is a well-known ethno-botanical plant of the north-east region of India. Ethnic communities of the region use several parts, including fruits, of this plant for the treatment of various ailments like diarrhoea, dysentery, cholera, food poisoning etc. In addition fruits are consumed by the local tribes of the north-east as food supplements. With this background we have performed chemical characterisation, and investigated the antimicrobial and antibiofilm potentiality of ethyl acetate fraction of Parkia javanica fruit extract (PJE) against model biofilm-causing microorganism Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PJE was initially prepared from fruit extract, and assayed by IR and UV spectroscopy and HPLC to confirm the presence of compounds. HPLC and NMR analysis reveals that PJE contains flavone compounds baicalein, quercetin and chrysin. PJE, baicalein, quercetin and chrysin were then tested for antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against P. aeruginosa. PJE showed very significant antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa wherein the minimum inhibitory concentration was found at 180 μg mL?1. Interestingly, the antibiofilm study illustrates that minimum concentration of PJE (30 μg mL?1) exhibited maximum activity whereas maximum concentration of PJE (90 μg mL?1) exhibited minimum antibiofilm activity. It was also observed that compounds baicalein, quercetin and chrysin separately show lower to moderate antibiofilm activity in comparison to PJE. Molecular docking study indicates that baicalein, quercetin and chrysin have good binding affinity with bacterial quorum sensing and motility associated proteins. Furthermore, we have also observed that in comparison with higher concentration, lower concentration of PJE exhibited better attenuation in swarming motility, secretion of proteases and virulence factors like pyoverdin and pyocyanin. AFM study reveals that aggregates in PJE are smaller in size at low concentrations than at higher concentrations. Observations in the present study suggest that PJE as a whole shows higher antibiofilm activity at low concentration whereas individual compounds have comparatively lower antibiofilm activity. This validates the phytomedicinal significance of Parkia javanica against bacterial biofilms.
机译： Parkia javanica 是印度东北地区著名的植物园植物。该地区的民族社区使用该植物的多个部位，包括水果，以治疗腹泻，痢疾，霍乱，食物中毒等各种疾病。此外，当地的部落也食用水果。东北作为食品补品。在此背景下，我们进行了化学表征，并研究了 Parkia javanica 水果提取物（PJE）乙酸乙酯级分对模型生物膜微生物铜绿假单胞菌的抗菌和生物膜潜力。 。 PJE最初是从水果提取物中制备的，并通过IR和UV光谱法以及HPLC进行测定，以确认化合物的存在。 HPLC和NMR分析表明，PJE含有黄酮类化合物黄ical素，槲皮素和黄ry素。然后测试PJE，黄ical素，槲皮素和chrysin对 P的抗菌和抗生物膜活性。铜绿。 PJE显示出对 P的非常重要的抗菌活性。铜绿假单胞菌的最小抑菌浓度为180μgmL ？1 。有趣的是，抗生物膜研究表明，最低浓度的PJE（30μgmL ？1 ）表现出最大的活性，而最高浓度的PJE（90μgmL ？1 ）的抗生物膜活性最低。还观察到，与PJE相比，化合物黄ical素，槲皮素和chrysin分别显示较低至中等的抗生物膜活性。分子对接研究表明，黄ical素，槲皮素和chrysin与细菌群体感应和运动相关蛋白具有良好的结合亲和力。此外，我们还观察到，与较高浓度相比，较低浓度的PJE在成群运动，蛋白酶的分泌和毒力因子（如泛绿素和pyocyanin）方面表现出更好的衰减。 AFM研究表明，低浓度下PJE中的聚集体尺寸小于较高浓度下的聚集体。本研究中的观察结果表明，PJE总体上在低浓度下显示出更高的抗生物膜活性，而单个化合物的抗生物膜活性相对较低。这证明了 Parkia javanica 对细菌生物膜的植物药理学意义。

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