Objective: To determine how weight for gestational age affects urea and mineral excretion by preterm infants receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN).Study Design: Daily urine samples were collected from all preterm infants given high calcium TPN, providing 30 kcal/g amino acids, during its first 44 months of use, and from all those given standard TPN, providing 25 kcal/g amino acids, over the previous 24 months. Urine urea and mineral excretion were measured as follows: Urea excretion mmol/kg/day = Urine urea/urine creatinine X creatinine production Creatinine production μmol/kg/day = -2.07 + 2.34 X gestational age in weeks.Results: High calcium TPN was evaluated in 52 infants. Urea excretion did not rise with increasing TPN intake. During the first week, urea excretion increased with weight for gestational age, with higher rates in above average than below average weight infants. It also increased with gestational age in above average but not below average weight infants. Below average weight infants had lower potassium and phosphate excretion than those above average. Standard TPN was evaluated in 20 infants. Urea excretion increased with TPN intake to higher levels than on high calcium, and also increased with weight for gestational age.Conclusion: Urea excretion was simple to measure, with remarkably consistent daily results in individuals. Below 30 weeks gestation infants on TPN providing 30 kcal/g amino acids had urea excretion < 0.1 g urea N/kg/day, < 3.5 mmol/kg/day if below average weight, and < 0.12 g urea N/kg/day, < 4.3 mmol/kg/day if above average weight. Below average weight infants retained more potassium and phosphate during the first week than those above average, and their greater requirements were provided by the TPN.
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机译：目的：确定接受全肠外营养（TPN）的早产儿的体重对孕龄尿素和矿物质排泄有何影响。研究设计：每天从所有高钙TPN的早产儿收集尿液，提供30 kcal / g氨基酸，在使用的最初44个月内，以及所有使用标准TPN的产品中，在过去24个月内提供25 kcal / g氨基酸。尿尿素和矿物质排泄的测量方法如下：尿素排泄mmol / kg /天=尿素尿素/尿肌酐X肌酐产生肌酐产生μmol/ kg / day = -2.07 + 2.34 X孕周数。结果：TPN钙高在52例婴儿中进行了评估。尿素排泄并没有随着TPN摄入量的增加而增加。在第一周，尿液的排泄随着胎龄的增加而增加，高于平均水平的婴儿高于低于低于平均体重的婴儿。在高于平均体重但不低于平均体重的婴儿中，它也随着胎龄的增加而增加。体重低于平均水平的婴儿的钾和磷酸盐排泄量低于体重高于平均水平的婴儿。对20名婴儿进行了标准TPN评估。随着TPN摄入量的增加，尿素排泄量高于高钙，并且随着胎龄增加，尿素排泄量也随之增加。结论：尿素排泄量易于测量，每天的个人结果均非常一致。妊娠30周以下，提供30 kcal / g氨基酸的TPN婴儿尿素排泄量<0.1 g尿素N / kg /天，如果低于平均体重，则<3.5 mmol / kg /天，而<0.12 g尿素N / kg /天，如果高于平均重量，则<4.3 mmol / kg /天。体重低于平均水平的婴儿在第一周保留的钾和磷酸盐的数量高于高于平均水平的婴儿，而TPN则提供了更高的要求。
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