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Impaired visual decision-making in individuals with amblyopia

机译：弱视患者的视觉决策能力受损

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This study examined the effects of amblyopia on perceptual decision-making processes to determine the consequences of visual deprivation on the development of higher level cortical networks outside of the visual cortex. A variant of the Eriksen flanker task was used to measure response time and accuracy for decisions made in the presence of response-selection conflict. Performance of adults with amblyopia was compared to that of neurotypical participants of the same age. Additionally, simple and choice reaction time tasks presented in the visual and the auditory modality were used to control for factors such as feature visibility, crowding, and motor execution speed. A selective deficit in response time for visual decisions was found when individuals with amblyopia used either the amblyopic or non-amblyopic (dominant) eye, and this deficit was independent of visual acuity, motor time, and performance accuracy. In trial conditions that provoked response-selection conflict, responses were significantly delayed in amblyopic relative to neurotypical participants and were not subject to standard trial sequence effects. Our results indicate that, beyond the known effects of abnormal visual experience on visual cortex, suboptimal binocular input during a developmental critical period may also impact cortical connections to downstream areas of the brain, including parietal and frontal cortices, that are believed to underlie decision and response-selection processes.
机译：这项研究检查了弱视对知觉决策过程的影响，以确定视觉剥夺对视觉皮层外部高级皮层网络发育的影响。使用Eriksen侧翼任务的一种变型来测量响应时间和在存在响应选择冲突的情况下做出决策的准确性。将成人弱视的表现与同年龄的神经性典型参与者的表现进行了比较。此外，视觉和听觉模态中呈现的简单和选择的反应时间任务用于控制要素的可见性，拥挤和运动执行速度等因素。当弱视患者使用弱视或非弱视（优势）眼时，在视觉决策的响应时间上存在选择性缺陷，并且该缺陷与视敏度，运动时间和性能准确性无关。在引起反应-选择冲突的试验条件下，弱视反应相对于典型的神经系统参与者明显延迟，并且不受标准试验序列的影响。我们的结果表明，除了已知的异常视觉体验对视觉皮层的影响之外，发育关键期内双眼输入不足可能还会影响与大脑下游区域（包括顶叶和额叶皮层）的皮层连接，而皮层连接被认为是决策的基础。响应选择过程。

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