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Climate change adaptation in Nigerian agricultural sector: A systematic review and resilience check of adaptation measures

机译：尼日利亚农业部门的气候变化适应：适应措施的系统审查和恢复力

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The changing climate is adversely affecting the productivity and livelihoods of Nigerian smallholder rural farmers. Several studies predict worsening outcomes for future climate events, for example heat waves, drought and intense precipitation. Farmers are required to adopt several measures to thrive, given the observed or expected climate change events. Existing studies about the interaction between climate change the agriculture sector has focused evaluating the bi-directional causal relationships, and identifying adaptation measures, but research on the climate resilience aspect of these adaptation measures is missing, or at best, low. This study aims to fill this gap in knowledge by assessing resilience and contribution to sustainability of farmer-adopted measures aimed at addressing risks posed by climate change. We conduct a systematic review of 95 studies concentrating on climate adaptation by smallholder rural farmers in Nigeria in the period 2010 to 2019. We assess the climate resilience of adaptation measures using the Ifejika-Speranza Resilience Check Toolkit. Our findings show that farmers are using climate-resilient adaptation measures; however, we could not ascertain how these have led to sustainable agricultural systems, since it is not the focus of the current study. Our findings show that majority of the adaptation studies in Nigeria are focused on crop farming subsystem. The major agricultural ecosystems and the broad adaptation areas are: Crop farming (improved soil and land management, crop-specific Innovation, water management practices, climate information services and education, access to finance, and off-farm diversification), livestock farming (improved livestock management systems, improved breeding strategies, sustainable health improvement, proper feed formulation early maturing and heat-resistant bird varieties), and fish farming (water harvesting measures, organic material, quick-maturing varieties).
机译：不断变化的气候对尼日利亚小农民农民的生产力和生计产生了不利影响。几项研究预测了未来气候事件的成果恶化，例如热波，干旱和强烈降水。鉴于观察到或预期的气候变化事件，农民需要采取几项措施茁壮成长。关于气候变化之间的互动的现有研究，农业部门的重点是评估双向因果关系，并确定适应措施，但对这些适应措施的气候恢复力方面缺失或最佳，或者最不佳。本研究旨在通过评估恢复力和对旨在解决气候变化所带来的风险的措施的可持续性的恢复力和贡献来填补知识的概括。我们在2010年至2019年度对尼日利亚小农村农民进行了95项学习的系统审查，从2010年至2019年期间评估了使用IFEJika-Speranza弹性检查工具包的适应措施气候复原力。我们的研究结果表明，农民正在采用气候弹性适应措施;然而，我们无法确定这些导致可持续农业系统的方式，因为它不是目前研究的重点。我们的研究结果表明，尼日利亚的大部分适应研究都集中在农作物耕作子系统上。主要农业生态系统和广泛适应领域是：作物农业（改善土地管理，农作物的创新，水管理实践，气候信息服务和教育，畜牧业农业（改进）畜牧管理系统，改善育种策略，可持续健康改善，适当的饲料配方早熟和耐热鸟品种），以及鱼类养殖（水收获措施，有机材料，快速成熟品种）。

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