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Genomic, molecular evolution, and expression analysis of NOX genes in soybean (Glycine max)

机译：大豆中NOx基因的基因组，分子演化和表达分析（甘氨酸最大）

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are versatile signaling molecules in sensing stresses and play critical roles in signaling and development. Plasma membrane NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are key producers of ROS, and play important roles in the regulation of plant-pathogen interactions. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the NOX gene family in the soybean genome (Glycine max) and 17 NOX (GmNOX) genes were identified. Structural analysis revealed that the GmNOX proteins in soybean were as conserved as those in other plants. 8 duplicated gene pairs were formed by a Glycine-specific whole-genome duplication (WGD) event approximately 13 million years ago (Mya). The Ka/Ks ratios of GmNOX genes ranged from 0.04 to 0.28, suggesting that the GmNOX family had undergone purifying selection in soybean. Gene expression patterns showed different expression of these duplicate genes, suggesting that the GmNOXs were retained by substantial subfunctionalization during the soybean evolutionary processes. Subsequently, the expression of GmNOXs in response to drought and phytohormones were characterized via qPCR. Importantly, four GmNOXs showed strong expression in nodules, pointing to their probable involvement in nodulation. Thus, our results shed light on the evolutionary history of this family in soybean and contribute to the functional characterization of GmNOX genes in soybean.
机译：活性氧物质（ROS）是传感应力的通用信号分子，并在信号和开发中发挥关键作用。血浆膜NADPH氧化酶（NOX）是ROS的主要生产商，并在植物病原体相互作用的调节中起重要作用。在这里，我们对大豆基因组（甘氨酸最大）中的NOx基因家族进行了全面的分析，并鉴定了17个NOx（GMNOX）基因。结构分析显示大豆中的GMNOX蛋白与其他植物中的那些。通过大约1300万年前（MYA），通过甘氨酸特异性全基因组重复（WGD）事件形成了8个重复的基因对。 GMNOX基因的KA / KS比率范围为0.04至0.28，表明GMNOX家族在大豆中经历了净化选择。基因表达模式显示了这些重复基因的不同表达，表明在大豆进化过程中通过大量的子官能化保留了GMNOX。随后，通过QPCR表征了对干旱和植物激素反应的GMNOX的表达。重要的是，四种GMNOX在结节中表现出强烈的表达，指向他们可能的染色促进促进。因此，我们的结果阐明了大豆在大豆中这个家庭的进化史上，并有助于大豆中GMNOX基因的功能表征。

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