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首页> 外文期刊>Physical Review X >Nonequilibrium Interfacial Tension in Simple and Complex Fluids
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Nonequilibrium Interfacial Tension in Simple and Complex Fluids

机译：单纤维纤维型在简单和复杂的液体中

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Interfacial tension between immiscible phases is a well-known phenomenon, which manifests itself in everyday life, from the shape of droplets and foam bubbles to the capillary rise of sap in plants or the locomotion of insects on a water surface. More than a century ago, Korteweg generalized this notion by arguing that stresses at the interface between two miscible fluids act transiently as an effective, nonequilibrium interfacial tension, before homogenization is eventually reached. In spite of its relevance in fields as diverse as geosciences, polymer physics, multiphase flows, and fluid removal, experiments and theoretical works on the interfacial tension of miscible systems are still scarce, and mostly restricted to molecular fluids. This leaves crucial questions unanswered, concerning the very existence of the effective interfacial tension, its stabilizing or destabilizing character, and its dependence on the fluid’s composition and concentration gradients. We present an extensive set of measurements on miscible complex fluids that demonstrate the existence and the stabilizing character of the effective interfacial tension, unveil new regimes beyond Korteweg’s predictions, and quantify its dependence on the nature of the fluids and the composition gradient at the interface. We introduce a simple yet general model that rationalizes nonequilibrium interfacial stresses to arbitrary mixtures, beyond Korteweg’s small gradient regime, and show that the model captures remarkably well both our new measurements and literature data on molecular and polymer fluids. Finally, we briefly discuss the relevance of our model to a variety of interface-driven problems, from phase separation to fracture, which are not adequately captured by current approaches based on the assumption of small gradients.
机译：不混溶阶段之间的界面张力是一种众所周知的现象，这在日常生活中表现出自身，从液滴和泡沫泡沫的形状到植物中的SAP的毛细血管升起或水面上的昆虫的运动。在一个世纪以前，Kortekeg通过争论在最终达到均质化之前，通过争论两个可混溶的流体之间的界面处的界面的应力在均质化之前瞬间起到有效的，非正斑界面张力。尽管在各种各样的地形，聚合物物理学，多相流和流体去除，实验和界面张力的界面张力的实验和理论工作中仍然稀缺，并且主要限于分子液。这留下了明确的问题，关于有效界面张力，其稳定性或稳定性的特征的存在，以及它对流体的组成和浓度梯度的依赖性。我们在展示有效界面张力的存在和稳定性的情况下，展示了一系列关于可混溶性复杂的液体，揭示了Korteweg的预测之外的新制度，并量化了其对界面处的流体性质和组合物梯度的依赖性。我们介绍了一个简单但一般的模型，使非QuiRibium界面应力与Qualleg的小梯度制度之外的任意混合物合理化，并表明该模型显着捕获我们的新测量和分子和聚合物流体上的新测量和文献数据。最后，我们简要讨论了我们模型与各种接口驱动问题的相关性，从相分离到骨折，这不会通过基于小梯度的假设来充分捕获。

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