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New Law Bans Genetic Discrimination

机译：新法禁止遗传歧视

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摘要

Thirteen years in the making, the Genetic Information Nondis-crimination Act (GINA), which prohibits employers and health insurance companies from denying jobs or coverage based on an individual's DNA, finally became law in May. Advocates of the measure consider its protections crucial to the advance of medical research and personalized medicine, both of which rely increasingly on genetic testing. At present, genetic tests exist for more than 1,500 conditions. Defects in single genes are known to cause illnesses such as sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis, and Huntington's disease. However, most disease genes discovered in the past decade indicate only an elevated risk, not a certainty, of developing the disorders with which they are associated, including cancer, diabetes, and heart disease.
机译：制定十三年之久的《遗传信息非歧视法》（GINA）禁止雇主和健康保险公司基于个人的DNA拒绝提供工作或承保范围，最终于5月成为法律。该措施的拥护者认为，其保护对于医学研究和个性化医学的发展至关重要，因为两者越来越依赖于基因检测。目前，已有1,500多种条件的基因检测。已知单个基因的缺陷会引起疾病，例如镰状细胞性贫血，囊性纤维化和亨廷顿氏病。然而，在过去十年中发现的大多数疾病基因表明，发展与它们相关的疾病（包括癌症，糖尿病和心脏病）的风险较高，但不确定。

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