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Placing Progress: Contextual Inequality and Immigrant Incorporation in the United States

机译：取得进展：美国的背景不平等和移民合并

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This article contributes to the growing body of research on the economic incorporation of immigrants by considering the relative wages of immigrants, the adult children of immigrants, and the U.S.-born children of U.S. parentage. By disaggregating these three groups racially, comparing entire wage distributions, and comparing the immigrant cities of New York and Los Angeles with the United States overall, it presents a perspective on the complicated contexts of the intergenerational progress of immigrants. In addition to comparing the groups' relative positions in 1990 and 2000, the article decomposes relative wages such that differences in the educational composition of groups can be isolated from residual wage inequality. This research is of interest because consideration of the U.S.-born or educated children of immigrants invokes questions of social mobility and the persistence of ethnic inequality more generally. The article also contributes to a theoretical debate over place and immigrants' progress by examining the second generation, for whom residence in immigrant cities is often theorized as detrimental to economic incorporation. Finally, it introduces a substantial analysis of local wage structures to questions of immigrants' intergenerational economic progress to a much greater extent than has previously been the case. The results suggest that prospects for immigrants' economic incorporation are geographically specific and should be assessed across multiple generations as a result of the continuing contexts of racial wage inequality.
机译：本文通过考虑移民的相对工资，移民的成年子女以及在美国出生的美国父母的子女，为有关移民在经济上融入社会的研究不断发展做出贡献。通过种族划分这三个群体，比较整个工资分配，并将纽约和洛杉矶的移民城市与美国整体进行比较，它提出了关于移民代际进步的复杂背景的观点。除了比较各组在1990年和2000年的相对地位之外，该文章还分解了相对工资，以便可以将组的教育结构差异与剩余工资不平等现象区分开。这项研究很有趣，因为考虑到美国出生或受过教育的移民孩子会引起社会流动性问题和种族不平等现象的普遍存在。本文还通过考察第二代人，为关于地方和移民进程的理论辩论做出了贡献，因为第二代人通常认为在移民城市中居住会损害经济融入。最后，它对移民的代际经济发展问题进行了实质性的本地工资结构分析，其范围比以前要大得多。结果表明，由于种族工资不平等的持续存在，移民在经济上的融入前景在地理上是特定的，应该在多代人之间进行评估。

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