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Thermal modeling and investigation of the most energy-efficient window position

机译：最节能窗口位置的热建模和研究

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The energy consumption in buildings contributes substantially to the worldwide energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. One of the crucial elements defining energy consumption is the building envelope, which in modern designs includes growing share of fenestration. Due to recent improvements of windows and walls, the thermal bridging effects occurring on their connections, become more significant. Window-to-wall connections appear to be especially important and can contribute up to 40% of the total heat loss caused by thermal bridges in building envelope. Thus, this study is investigating thermal properties of window-to-wall connections. The main scope of the work is to determine the most efficient window position in the window opening regarding minimizing thermal bridging effects. Five different wall constructions are investigated along with two windows with different U-values. The thermal simulation results show that the window position has a crucial impact on the amount of energy loss through the thermal bridges. For each wall type, the most energy-efficient position is found, resulting from detailed analysis of sill, head, and jambs construction details. For some cases placing the window in the most energy-efficient position reduces linear thermal transmittance (LIT) over 50%. Among considered positions, the temperatures on the internal surface of the assemblies are weakly influenced by the window position. Example calculations show that significant share of energy losses from the fenestration presence is caused by thermal bridge occurring on window-to-wall. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：建筑物中的能耗极大地影响了全球的能耗和温室气体排放。定义能耗的关键因素之一是建筑围护结构，在现代设计中，它包括越来越多的窗饰。由于最近对窗户和墙壁的改进，在它们的连接上发生的热桥效应变得更加明显。窗户到墙壁的连接似乎尤为重要，它可以弥补由建筑围护结构中的热桥引起的总热量损失的40％。因此，这项研究正在调查窗口到墙壁连接的热性能。工作的主要范围是确定与最小化热桥效应有关的窗孔中最有效的窗位置。研究了五种不同的墙结构以及两个具有不同U值的窗户。热仿真结果表明，窗口位置对通过热桥的能量损失量具有至关重要的影响。对于每种墙类型，通过对门槛，顶部和门jam的施工细节进行详细分析，可以找到最节能的位置。在某些情况下，将窗户置于最节能的位置会使线性热透射率（LIT）降低50％以上。在考虑的位置中，组件内表面上的温度受窗口位置的影响很小。实例计算表明，开窗活动造成的能量损失中有很大一部分是由窗口到墙壁上的热桥引起的。 （C）2017 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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