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首页> 外文期刊>Energy Conversion & Management >On the introduction of nuclear power in Middle East countries: Promise, strategies, vision and challenges
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On the introduction of nuclear power in Middle East countries: Promise, strategies, vision and challenges

机译：关于在中东国家引入核电：承诺，战略，愿景和挑战

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Middle eastern countries have been experiencing economical growth at an annual rate of more than 5% and some of the highest population growth rates in the world. Many (> 13) have recently expressed interest in nuclear power for meeting future demands of electricity and fresh water. A challenging, but possible goal, particularly for the states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and for the countries in North Africa, would be to secure 30% of future needs of electricity and process heat for industrial applications and seawater desalination from nuclear power by 2030. For the GCC states alone, this would be equivalent to building two new, 1500 MWe nuclear power plants each year starting in 2016. Some of the challenges and important consideration include: (a) stimulating private investments, (b) establishing education and training programs that are among the world's best; (c) maintaining close cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and countries with advanced nuclear technology and fuel cycle capabilities to ensure safety and compliance at all levels, (c) establishing viable indigence heavy industry and international alliances on all aspects of the nuclear fuel cycle; (d) coordinating with other countries in the region on the development of a common electric grid; (e) investing in uranium mining and exploration to secure future resources, (f) identifying and licensing suitable sites for future construction of nuclear plants; (g) establishing a regulatory and safety board with government oversight and sound regulations that would make it possible to build and operate new nuclear power plants within 40-50 months, (h) investing in high technology and R&D infrastructure, and (i) investigating the options of standardization versus diversification in the nuclear reactor types.
机译：中东国家的经济增长率每年超过5％，并且是世界上人口增长率最高的国家。许多（> 13个）最近对核电表示了兴趣，以满足未来对电力和淡水的需求。一个具有挑战性但可能的目标，尤其是对于海湾合作委员会（GCC）州和北非国家而言，将是确保未来30％的电力和工业供热以及核能海水淡化所需的过程供热需求到2030年。仅就海湾合作委员会国家而言，这相当于从2016年开始每年建造两个新的1500 MWe核电站。挑战和重要考虑因素包括：（a）刺激私人投资，（b）建立教育以及世界上最好的培训计划； （c）与国际原子能机构（IAEA）以及拥有先进核技术和燃料循环能力的国家保持紧密合作，以确保各个级别的安全和合规性；（c）在该领域的各个方面建立有活力的重工业和国际联盟核燃料循环； （d）与该地区其他国家协调共同电网的发展； （e）投资铀矿开采和勘探，以确保将来的资源；（f）确定并许可适当的地点，以供将来建造核电站； （g）建立具有政府监督和健全法规的监管和安全委员会，以使其有可能在40-50个月内建造和运营新的核电站；（h）投资于高科技和研发基础设施；以及（i）调查核反应堆类型中标准化与多样化的选择。

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