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A review of the ecological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF)

机译：射频电磁场（RF-EMF）的生态效应综述

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摘要

Objective: This article presents a systematic review of published scientific studies on the potential ecological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) in the range of 10 MHz to 3.6 GHz (from amplitude modulation, AM, to lower band microwave, MW, EMF). Methods: Publications in English were searched in ISI Web of Knowledge and Scholar Google with no restriction on publication date. Five species groups were identified: birds, insects, other vertebrates, other organisms, and plants. Not only dear ecological articles, such as field studies, were taken into consideration, but also biological articles on laboratory studies investigating the effects of RF-EMF with biological endpoints such as fertility, reproduction, behaviour and development, which have a clear ecological significance, were also included. Results: Information was collected from 113 studies from original peer-reviewed publications or from relevant existing reviews. A limited amount of ecological field studies was identified. The majority of the studies were conducted in a laboratory setting on birds (embryos or eggs), small rodents and plants. In 65% of the studies, ecological effects of RF-EMF (50% of the animal studies and about 75% of the plant studies) were found both at high as well as at low dosages. No clear dose-effect relationship could be discerned. Studies finding an effect applied higher durations of exposure and focused more on the GSM frequency ranges. Conclusions: In about two third of the reviewed studies ecological effects of RF-EMF was reported at high as well as at low dosages. The very low dosages are compatible with real field situations, and could be found under environmental conditions. However, a lack of standardisation and a limited number of observations limit the possibility of generalising results from an organism to an ecosystem level. We propose in future studies to conduct more repetitions of observations and explicitly use the available standards for reporting RF-EMF relevant physical parameters in both laboratory and field studies.
机译：目的：本文对10 MHz至3.6 GHz（从幅度调制，AM到低频带微波，MW，EMF）范围内的射频电磁场（RF-EMF）的潜在生态效应进行了已发表的科学研究的系统综述。 ）。方法：在ISI Web of Knowledge和Scholar Google中搜索英文出版物，出版日期不受限制。确定了五个物种组：鸟类，昆虫，其他脊椎动物，其他生物和植物。不仅考虑了诸如现场研究之类的亲爱的生态文章，而且还考虑了在实验室研究中研究RF-EMF对生物学终点（如生育力，繁殖，行为和发育）的影响而具有明显生态意义的生物学文章，也包括在内。结果：信息来自113项研究，这些研究来自原始的同行评审出版物或相关的现有综述。有限的生态田间研究被确定。大多数研究是在实验室环境中对鸟类（胚胎或卵），小型啮齿动物和植物进行的。在65％的研究中，无论高剂量还是低剂量，都发现RF-EMF的生态效应（50％的动物研究和约75％的植物研究）。没有明确的剂量效应关系。研究发现影响的应用时间更长，并且更多地关注GSM频率范围。结论：在大约三分之二的研究中，报告了高剂量和低剂量时RF-EMF的生态效应。非常低的剂量与实际情况兼容，并且可以在环境条件下找到。然而，缺乏标准化和数量有限的观察结果限制了将结果从生物体推广到生态系统水平的可能性。我们建议在未来的研究中进行更多重复的观察，并在实验室和现场研究中明确使用可用的标准来报告RF-EMF相关的物理参数。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environment international》 |2013年第1期|116-140|共25页
  • 作者

    S. Cucurachi; W.LM. Tamis; M.G. Vijver; W.J.G.M. Peijnenburg; J.F.B. Bolte; G.R. de Snoo;

  • 作者单位

    Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518,2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;

    Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518,2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;

    Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518,2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;

    Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518,2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands,National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands;

    National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands;

    Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518,2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    radiofrequencies; EMF; biodiversity; electromagnetic field exposure; ecological effect; mobile telecommunication;

    机译：无线电频率;电动势;生物多样性;电磁场暴露生态效应移动电信;

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