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首页> 外文期刊>Environment international >Public health costs accounting of inorganic PM2.5 pollution in metropolitan areas of the United States using a risk-based source-receptor model
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Public health costs accounting of inorganic PM2.5 pollution in metropolitan areas of the United States using a risk-based source-receptor model

机译：使用基于风险的源-受体模型对美国大都市地区无机PM2.5污染进行公共卫生成本核算

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摘要

In order to design effective strategies to reduce the public health burden of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) imposed in an area, it is necessary to identify the emissions sources affecting that location and quantify their contributions. However, it is challenging because PM2.5 travels long distances and most constituents are the result of complex chemical processes. We developed a reduced-form source-receptor model for estimating locations and magnitudes of downwind health costs from a source or, conversely, the upwind sources that contribute to health costs at a receptor location. Built upon outputs from a state-of-the-art air quality model, our model produces comprehensive risk-based source apportionment results with trivial computational costs. Using the model, we analyzed all the sources contributing to the inorganic PM2.5 health burden in 14 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in the United States. Our analysis for 12 source categories shows that 80-90% of the burden borne by these areas originates from emissions sources outside of the area and that emissions sources up to 800 km away need to be included to account for 80% of the burden. Conversely, 60-80% of the impacts of an MSA's emissions occurs outside of that MSA. The results demonstrate the importance of regionally coordinated measures to improve air quality in metropolitan areas.
机译：为了设计有效的策略以减轻施加在某个区域的环境细颗粒物（PM2.5）的公共卫生负担，有必要确定影响该位置的排放源并量化其贡献。但是，这具有挑战性，因为PM2.5会传播很长一段距离，并且大多数成分是复杂化学过程的结果。我们开发了一种简化形式的源-接收器模型，用于估算来自某个源或逆风源的顺风医疗成本的位置和大小，而逆风源会增加接收器位置的卫生成本。基于最先进的空气质量模型的输出，我们的模型以微不足道的计算成本生成了基于风险的综合源分配结果。使用该模型，我们分析了美国14个都会区（MSA）中造成无机PM2.5健康负担的所有来源。我们对12种排放源类别的分析表明，这些区域承担的负担的80-90％来自该区域以外的排放源，并且需要包括800公里以外的排放源，以承担80％的负担。相反，MSA排放影响的60-80％发生在该MSA之外。结果表明，采取区域协调措施改善大都市地区空气质量的重要性。

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