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Trade in Environmental Goods: Evidences from an Analysis Using Elasticities of Trade Costs

机译:环境货物贸易:使用贸易成本弹性进行分析的证据

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摘要

Negotiations on the liberalization of environmental goods (EGs) and services within the WTO Doha Round (mandated in November 2001) are facing specific challenges. Conflicting interests and differing perceptions of the benefits of increased trade in EGs were reflected in different approaches proposed for determining EGs. Using import data of 34 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries and from a sample of 167 countries, from 1995 to 2012, we discuss the trade effect of reducing barriers on EGs. We analyze the lists of EGs proposed by the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation and OECD using a Translog gravity model. We found that removing tariff barriers for EGs will have a modest impact because for the biggest importers and exporters, elasticities of trade costs are very low while for most trading relationships they are very high, making it difficult for exporters to maintain their markets. Overall, our results suggest that, because of their substantial effect on international trade, future negotiations on EGs should also address the issues of standards and nontariff barriers.
机译:在世贸组织多哈回合(于2001年11月授权)内就环境商品和服务自由化进行的谈判面临着具体挑战。提议的确定EG的不同方法反映了利益冲突和对EG贸易增加的好处的不同看法。使用1995年至2012年间34个经济合作与发展组织(OECD)成员国的进口数据以及167个国家的样本,我们讨论了减少对EG的壁垒的贸易效应。我们使用Translog引力模型分析了亚太经合组织和OECD提出的EG清单。我们发现,取消对EG的关税壁垒将产生适度的影响,因为对于最大的进出口商而言,贸易成本的弹性非常低,而对于大多数贸易关系而言,它们的成本弹性却很高,从而使出口商难以维持其市场。总体而言,我们的结果表明,由于其对国际贸易的重大影响,未来有关EG的谈判也应解决标准和非关税壁垒的问题。

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