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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental & Resource Economics >Why Finance Ministers Favor Carbon Taxes, Even If They Do Not Take Climate Change into Account
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Why Finance Ministers Favor Carbon Taxes, Even If They Do Not Take Climate Change into Account

机译：为什么财政部长即使不考虑气候变化也喜欢碳税

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摘要

Fiscal considerations may shift governmental priorities away from environmental concerns: finance ministers face strong demand for public expenditures such as infrastructure investments but they are constrained by international tax competition. We develop a multi-region model of tax competition and resource extraction to assess the fiscal incentive of imposing a tax on carbon rather than on capital. We explicitly model international capital and resource markets, as well as intertemporal capital accumulation and resource extraction. While fossil resources give rise to scarcity rents, capital does not. With carbon taxes, the rents can be captured and invested in infrastructure, which leads to higher welfare than under capital taxation. This result holds even without modeling environmental damages. It is robust under a variation of the behavioral assumptions of resource importers to coordinate their actions, and a resource exporter's ability to counteract carbon policies. Further, no green paradox occurs-instead, the carbon tax constitutes a viable green policy, since it postpones extraction and reduces cumulative emissions.
机译：财政方面的考虑可能会使政府的工作重点从环境问题上转移：财政部长面临着对公共支出（如基础设施投资）的强烈需求，但受到国际税收竞争的限制。我们开发了一个税收竞争和资源开采的多区域模型，以评估对碳而不是资本征税的财政激励措施。我们对国际资本和资源市场以及跨期资本积累和资源提取进行了明确的建模。虽然化石资源导致稀缺的租金，但资本却没有。征收碳税可以收取租金并将其投资在基础设施上，从而带来的福利要高于资本税。即使不对环境造成损害，该结果仍然成立。在改变资源进口者的行为假设以协调其行动以及资源出口者抵消碳政策的能力的情况下，这种方法是有力的。此外，没有发生绿色悖论，相反，碳税构成了可行的绿色政策，因为它推迟了开采并减少了累积排放量。

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